228 Report on the Agriculture of Sweden and Norway. 
farm at Enskede, near Stockholm, which I believe to exhibit the 
national system of farming, namely, for the production of milk, 
under its most profitable aspect. 
Kyleberg is situated in one of the best agricultural districts of 
Sweden, not far from the shores of Lake Wettern, and from 7 
to 10 English miles from the railway-stations of Skennige and 
Mjolby, on the one side, and from the steamboat-stations of 
Wadstena and Odeshog on the other. The district consists of a 
large undulating plain ; the land varies in strength, but is gene- 
rally of good quality. Large farms and large fields predominate ; 
and although the district, as a whole, appeared to me better cul- 
tivated than most parts of Sweden, there were comparatively few 
roots to be seen, and generally the fields bore evidence that the 
same system is pursued in this as in other districts, subject 
to a modification in the case of those farmers who grow sugar- 
beet for the Wadstena factory. 
One of the farms adjoining Kyleberg is a " peasant-farm " of 
about 160 acres, the rotation of crops being, (1) bare fallow, ma- 
nured ; (2) rye ; (3) and (4) seeds ; (5) mixture of oats and 
barley ; (6) bare fallow ; (7) wheat or barley ; (8) tares and oats; 
(9) mixture of oats and barley. Thus two-ninths of the land are 
in bare fallow every year, two-ninths in grass, one-ninth in tares, 
and four-ninths in corn, and manure is applied only to the fallow 
for rye ; and yet not less than 5 horses (generally 6) and 
10 oxen are required to work this farm. The staff of labourers 
is never less than 5, in addition to the occupier himself, who 
probably works harder than any of them. From 16 to 20 
cows are kept, and most of the butter and cheese made is con- 
sumed by the farmer and his men. The rent paid is about half 
a guinea per acre, and the farmer is looked upon as in advance 
of his order. 
This little digression is necessary to show that Kyleberg does 
not lie in a district exceptionally favoured in its soil or climate. 
In fact, it is about three or four miles from Hofgarden^ so often 
mentioned in the preceding pages. 
Kyleberg consists of nearly 900 imp. acres of rather strong 
land, of which about 136 acres are in permanent old grass; 
140 acres which have been reclaimed from the lake are planted 
with trees, amongst which coarse grass and reeds furnish auxiliary 
keep ; 68^ acres are partly occupied by soldiers,* and partly 
let to labourers ; and 16 acres comprise the park, gardens, &c. 
The land under the plough is cropped as follows : — (A) 103 
acres under a six-course shift, viz., (1) turnips or other foots; 
(2) barley ; (3) and (4) seeds mown and aftermath fed ; (5) 
On this point see p. 255. 
