258 Report on the Agriculture of Sweden and Norway. 
brought into cultivation, 9800 were drained, over 2100 acres of 
meadow were irrigated, and nearly 23,000 acres of land were 
marled. 
In Sweden there is no limit to the permanent division of agri- 
cultural land as property farther than this : that at least three able- 
bodied persons must be able to obtain a living off each division. 
This rule does not, however, apply to the " torpare " belonging to 
a large estate, as their separation from it is only temporary, and 
is a matter of tenancy, not of ownership. In 1872, there were 
252,776 owners, and 200,417 occupiers of cultivated land in 
the country. The total number of agricultural holdings was 
295,983, of which 185,693 were held by agricultural labourers 
working more or less for other farmers. The annexed Table 
shows in detail how the land was subdivided, both as to 
ownership and occupation, in each of the years 1867—1872 
inclusive. 
Table showing the Number of Owners and Occupiers of Cultivated 
Land in Swediln in the Years 1867-72. 
NuKBF.K OF Owners. 
Number of Occdpiers. 
4 Tunnland 
(4^ Acres) and 
under. 
Between 4 and 
40 Tunnland 
(48 Acres). 
Fxceeding 40 
Tunnland, and 
up to 200. 
O 
% P ^ 
4 Tunnland 
(4; Acres) and 
under. 
Exceeding 4 and 
up to 40 Tunn- 
land (48 Acres). 
Exceeding 40 
Tunnland and 
up to 200. 
Exceeding 
200 Tunnland 
(240 Acres). 
1872 
62,382 
163,640 
24,366 
2,388 
89,772 
95,282 
13,760 
],603 
1871 
62,517 
162,820 
24,707 
2,577 
92,812 
98,576 
13,946 
1,732 
1870 
63,922 
161,829 
25,137 
2,619 
93,707 
98,882 
13,902 
1,752 
1869 
63,257 
158,689 
24,716 
2,537 
91,069 
95,677 
13,535 
1,499 
1868 
63,181 
153,379 
22,744 
2,588 
91,858 
98,665 
13,390 
1,648 
1867 
57,755 
146,819 
22,664 
2,697 
92,849 
97,092 
15,097 
1,823 
It has been shown that the payment for labour in land 
requires an acreage about as great as that of the farm to be 
cultivated. In other words, the labour bill is equal to' the rent, 
taxes, and tithes. This of itself is not an overwhelming pro- 
portion ; but when it is remembered that about one-seventh to 
one-eighth of the arable land is generally unproductive, and the 
remainder is about equally divided between artificial grass and 
corn, the cost of labour as compared with the extent of the work 
to be performed is very large, but it is a necessity of the long 
winter. Then, as the horses consume one-third of the produce of 
the farm, and dairy-cows are fed on home-grown corn and hay — 
the chief object of the farming being dairying, — the sale of corn 
