On Cheese-making in Home Dairies and in Factories. 271 
ready to keep an account current with those whose cheese thej 
purchase — lending money in advance of sales on the understand- 
ing that the cheese is being made for them, the essential and 
important difference between the two must be pointed out. In 
the one case the borrower is in no sense whatever the servant 
of the lender ; he does but obtain, on interest, in advance, a 
portion of what already is his own — the amount ultimately 
coming to him being in no way influenced by any limit upon 
his power of sale, such as exists where the factor is the creditor. 
In the latter case the independence of the maker certainly is to 
some extent compromised, and his power of making a full price 
is to that extent diminished. As Mr. H. M. Jenkins stated four 
years ago on this subject before the Society of Arts : — " It is 
far better for the farmer to have a factory for his bank than a 
factor for his banker." 
(5.) Lastly, it is an incidental advantage of the factory system 
in some districts, that an organisation of this kind lends itself 
most conveniently at certain seasons to the demands of the milk 
trade. The direct supply of milk to consumers is the most 
profitable use that can be made of it ; and it has been advan- 
tageous in more than one instance to the " patrons " of a cheese- 
factory, that on a demand by milk-sellers in London, the whole 
daily delivery, properly cooled in the vats of the factory, has been 
at once despatched to consumers at the higher price which could 
be thus obtained for it. And it is not improbable that the com- 
bination of cheese-making with the milk supply may hereafter be 
found the most profitable occupation of a factory in suburban 
districts, including not only ordinary dairy-farms, but lands 
where grass is grown by sewage irrigation. 
The various recommendations of the factory system, and the 
objections to it whieh have been thus enumerated, do not in all 
probability cover the whole of the ground under discussion 
between its advocates and opponents ; but these are enough to 
determine its adoption or rejection. They have, I hope, been 
stated fairly ; and it is plain that the balance of advantage, so 
far as the discussion has been conducted here, is distinctly with 
the factory — those rare cases only excepted when a dairy pro- 
perty is in the hands of at once a public-spirited and energetic 
owner, and a thoroughly accomplished and equally energetic body 
of tenantry. 
The progress, however, of the factory system will depend, not 
on an argument of this kind, but upon the actual results 
attained under a sufficiently long experience of it ; and this, 
therefore, I shall immediately proceed to describe. 
First, however, it has been thought advisable to give some 
