284 On Cheese-making in Home Dairies and in Factories. 
while the contributors varied as much as from two and three 
cows apiece to in one instance 50, there were on the whole from 
814 cows 393,4G3 gallons of milk sent to Longford which 
received from March to November, and at Derby Factory which 
received only from April to October. This was at the rate of 
483 gallons a-piece upon an average ; the receipts from different 
farms varying from 624 gallons a-piece in a dairy of 3 cows to 
343 a-piece in a dairy of 38 cows. This difference cannot be 
put down wholly to sort, food, or management, for we are ex- 
pressly told that in some cases the foot-and-mouth disease had 
prevented milk being sent to the factory ; but it is plain from 
the large number of examples in which 450 gallons and up- 
wards is the return, that this is under one style of manage- 
ment, perhaps from one class of soil, the ordinary annual pro- 
duce of healthy cows, while in other large dairies more than 
500 gallons appears to have been the common experience. 
The balance sheets of Longford, and of the Windley Hall 
Factories, have been sent to me for 1873. In the former case 
the plant was purchased by an entrance fee of 10s. per cow 
on 517 cows, and thereafter the account stands as follows : — 
221,148 gallons of milk yielded 93 tons 18 cwt. 3 qrs. 22 lbs. 
{120 to the cwt.) of green cheese, which shrank 7 ton 13 cwt. or 
about 8 J per cent., and was sold (86 tons 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 27 lbs.) at 
32s. M. per cwt. for 7106Z. 2s. Id. Besides this, 2898 lbs. of butter 
realised 167/. 14s. bd. ; the whey sold for 326Z 15s. \d. ; and 
there were other small receipts amounting to 13Z. 6s. ?>d., making 
7633Z. 18s. in all ; out of which, after paying the whole cost 
of working expenses — materials, labour, fuel, commission, and 
repairs — 609/. 7s., equal to 7s. 0|c?. per cwt., the contributors 
received rather more than l\d. per gallon. The following is 
an enumeration of the costs : — 
s. d. £ s. d. 
Labour .. .. 2 7^ per cwt. of the cheese .. .. 227 18 0 
Materials .. .. 0 8f „ „ .. .. 64 8 8 
Fuel 0 6 „ „ .. 44 7 6 
Soda, brashes, &c. 0 Of „ „ .... 6 11 .5 
Rent and rates ..0 8 „ „ .. .. 57 11 1 
Repairs .. .. 0 2J „ 20 2 2 
Total .. .. 4 9i £420 18 10 
The other charges included Secretary's salary and com- 
mission for sale, &c 78 10 0 
Manager's bonus of 10 per cent, on value realised for 
milk over ij^d. per gallon .. 98 0 0 
Sundries 11 18 2 
Total = 7s. Old. per cwt. of the cheese ... £609 7 3 
