On the Bain and Drainage - Waters at Rothamsted. 21 
The nitrates thus fell very considerably towards the end of the 
running, while the chlorides as strikingly increased. 
Influexce of the Character of the Manure and 
Time of Year. 
In considering this division of the subject, we shall take first 
those facts which are shown only by Voelcker's or Frankland's 
analyses, and proceed afterwards to those which can also be illus- 
trated by the later Rothamsted results. 
Table XLV. — Mean of Ten Analyses of Broadbalk Drainage- 
Water, by VoELCKER and Feankland, in parts per Million. 
Plot. 
Total Solid 
Matter. 
Lime and 
Magnesia.* 
Chlorine. 
Nitrogen as 
Nitrates. 
Nitrogen 
per Acre 
per Inch of 
Drainage. 
Per Jlillion. 
Per Slillion. 
Per Million. 
Per Million. 
lbs. 
2 
367 
2 
123 
19 
4 
11 
5 
2-60 
3&4 
227 
8 
99 
10 
4 
3 
9 
0-88 
5 
329 
8 
132 
10 
7 
4 
7 
1-06 
6 
450 
3 
171 
23 
5 
9 
0 
2-04 
7 
542 
4 
207 
33 
9 
15 
9 
3-60 
8 
615 
1 
222 
44 
8 
20 
2 
4-57 
9 
405 
7 
126 
12 
4 
16 
0 
3-62 
10 
441 
8 
173 
37 
1 
17 
6 
3-98 
11 
490 
4 
197 
38 
6 
19 
4 
4-39 
12 
585 
3 
218 
36 
3 
17 
7 
4-01 
13 
609 
3 
232 
41 
4 
19 
5 
4-41 
14 
630 
6 
244 
42 
7 
19 
8 
4.48 
15t 
571 
3 
217 
22 
9 
20 
9 
4-73 
16 
284 
6 
120 
11 
2 
6 
9 
1-56 
Two of the plots in Broadbalk provided with drain-pipes 
receive no manure. On Plot 3 & 4, one-half (3) has remained un- 
manured since 1840 ; while the other half (4) was last manured 
■for the crop of 1851 ; and Plot 16 was last manured for the crop 
of 1864. The drainage-water from these two plots contains 
much less solid matter in solution than the water from any 
other plot in the field. The mean of Voelcker's and Frankland's 
analyses (Table XLV.) shows a contents of solid matter of 
227-8 per million in the drainage-water from Plot 3&4, and 
284-6 in the water from Plot 16. The principal constituents 
of this solid matter are calcium-salts, chiefly the carbonate. 
* To obtain the mean figures for total lime and magnesia, Frankland's deter- 
minations of " Total Hardness " have been calculated into lime, and then averaged 
■vfith Voelcker's results ; the amount of magne.-ia present is so small that this 
caode of calculation involves little error. 
t The mean of eight analyses of the water from Plot 15 is here given ; five 
refer to a period when the ammonium-salts were applied in the autumn, as on the 
other plots, while three represent winter drainage after an autumn application 
of mineral manure only. 
