80 
Hints on Vegetable and Fruit Farming. 
getting carrots early, and a few pounds might be made in this 
way in many farm-gardens without much trouble. Carrots are 
extensively grown by market-garden farmers and market- 
gardeners for " bunching " — that is for pulling when quite 
small. They may be taken after potatoes, or cole worts, or 
cabbages. The land requires to be well ploughed in the 
autumn, and well-made farmyard-manure should be scuffled in, 
and about 10 lbs. of seed, mixed with a little finely tritu- 
rated earth sown broadcast as soon in the spring as the weather 
allows. Pulling is commenced when they are about half an inch 
in diameter. From twenty to forty are put in a bunch. The 
bunches are packed in crates and baskets, and bring from 2s. 
to 35. 'dd. per dozen bunches, coming to market after the French 
early carrot season is over. From 300 to 400 dozen bunches per 
acre are a fair crop. This crop is a very little while on the ground, 
but entails considerable labour in keeping the land clean from 
weeds. Cabbages may be taken after carrots, or wheat, or winter 
oats ; the Early Horn and James's Intermediate are the sorts 
usually grown. The Italian Early Market is also a good carrot. 
Parsnips are a profitable crop upon suitable land. They 
require a deep tilth, or they become " forked." This can be 
obtained by means of a subsoil-plough, following the ordinary 
plough. Manure should not be directly applied for this crop ; 
they may, therefore, well follow late cabbages, or onions, or 
Savoys, or even coleworts, as the most successful growers do not 
have a " stale furrow," but prefer to plough and sow as closely 
together as possible. The seed is drilled in with a seed-harrow, 
in rows fifteen inches apart, in the spring as soon as the weather 
permits, the plants being left about eleven inches apart in the 
rows. The Hollow Crown is the sort usually grown ; indeed, 
there is scarcely any other sort. Parsnips are not dug until 
they are wanted for market, not being injured by frost. Parsnips 
can be followed by spring cabbages, for which a good coat of 
manure would be necessary, or by spring tares. 
Peas for podding are not, as a rule, very remunerative. 
Occasionally, however, it happens that a good^ hit is made, 
when, by good management, or from advantages of situation, a 
grower is able to keep his plant through a very hard winter, or 
has a specially good sort. If he is near a good town, a farmer 
might well plant a few acres of peas. Much also may be done 
in the way of growing seed-peas for seedsmen by contract, where 
conditions of soil allow. Sangster's William I. is a good early 
pea, and Sangster's Imperial No. I., Fill Basket, Forty Fold, and 
Veitch's Perfection, are suitable for growing crops to follow in 
succession. A fair crop of peas for podding amounts to about 
150 bushels (of pods) per acre, and an average price, loholesah, 
