192 A Joint-Stock Farm in the Netherlands. 
breed is a cross of various degrees between the Lincoln and the 
Flemish, and has been in existence for many years. Lambing^ 
begins about the middle of February in sheds ; and ewes until 
that time get mangolds and pulp, with an allowance of oats for 
six weeks, and whenever possible they take a daily turn on the 
pastures. During the lambing season they have also a portion 
of hay. As shown already, the produce does not average more 
than a lamb to a ewe. The lambs are weaned when four 
months old, and are put on red clover until the end of July, 
when the ewe lambs go on the grass-land of the dykes, where 
they remain until the next summer, except that in winter they 
are housed in the sheep-sheds, and fed on mangolds, hay, straw, 
and pea-haulm ; and in very severe weather get also an allow- 
ance of oats. The feeding sheep are moved from the red clover 
on to the mixed seeds, and get oats until January. In September 
the mixed seeds become more or less exhausted, and then the 
sheep get cabbages upon them. In the sheds, where they are 
housed at night, and in bad weather from the middle of October, 
they get pulp, pulped turnips, and kohl-rabi ; but in January, 
the turnips and kohl-rabi being exhausted, they get mangolds 
and pulp ; and one home-made cake between 5, i.e. | of a lb. 
per head per day ; but this quantity is increased a little. In 
May, the feeding sheep are put upon red clover until they are 
sold, in the beginning of June, to go to Deptford. 
The prices at Deptford are said to be lower than those ruling 
at Islington, to the extent that it is now sometimes more profit- 
able to send the sheep to France. This was especially the case 
in the autumn of 1879, and the same remark holds good for cattle. 
In fact, the price of cattle was then so low that practically none 
went from Zeeland to England. 
The average yield of wool, which is never washed, is 8 to 
10 lbs. of unwashed wool per head over the whole of the 
flock. 
fiffs are now being done away with, as the bulk of the milk 
is sold, and what skim-milk there may be is wanted for the 
calves. 
Horses. — There are 96 working horses kept on the farm, and 
six pairs are hired from some tenants of the company who rent 
grass-land and keep 8 or 10 cows, and add to their earnings by 
working themselves and with their horses on the company's 
farms. In winter, horses are kept entirely on straw unless they 
are at work, when they get some of the home-made cakes also. 
During the summer they receive up to 15 lbs. of cake each per 
diem with red clover ; and at night they are turned out to grass. 
In the autumn they have, in addition to cakes, mangolds and 
clover-hay ; in the spring only clover-hay and cakes. Beans 
