Deerfoot Farm Centrifugal Dairy. 
477 
in the history of their genesis they formed a portion of the cows 
as cells, and hence it would be expected, as indeed observation 
has proven, that they partake in a certain degree of the changes 
which influence the cow. Hence a starvation of the cow, or any 
course which interferes with cell-growth in the animal, is per- 
ceived in the udder glands, through the diminution of the cell- 
growth there, as evidenced by the deficiency of the completed 
fat globules in the milk. We also perceive that as various 
kinds of food influence growth-development in the cow, i.e., 
some foods have a greater fattening action than other foods, so 
change in the character of the food may be 'seen in the fat 
globule in the milk. Thus, the feeding of bran or shorts has a 
distinct influence in diminishing the size of the globule ; the 
feeding on corn meal, a distinct effect in influencing uniformity 
of size in the fat globule. We also perceive an influence over 
the globule occasioned by the condition of the cow in relation 
to calving. When parturition has just taken place, and the 
colostrum condition of the milk exists, the globules are, many 
of them, aggregated, and show a great variation in size, and are 
often not free but attached to the membrane which has become 
disrupted through the intensity of the action accompanying the 
commencement of the milk flow. This colostrum has a putre- 
factive tendency. A little later the colostrum period has ceased, 
the flow of milk is abundant and normal, the shedding of the 
globules is complete, yet there is a striking disproportion in 
their size. The action connected with their growth is still 
irregular. As time increases the globules become more uniform 
in size, and there is a less disproportion between the largest and 
the smallest. 
There is also to be recognised a difference in the globule 
accompanying the breed of the cow. In the Jersey breed the 
average size is larger than in the Ayrshire or Holstein breed ; in 
the Ayrshire breed less uniformity of size, and more of the 
smaller globules, entitled granules, than in the Jersey or Hol- 
stein breed ; in the Holstein breed, a small globule, quite a 
uniformity of size, and few granules. 
These globules have different churning reactions. The 
globule of the Jersey cow is more readily broken than is the 
corresponding sized globule from the Ayrshire cow, and is more 
readily acted upon by the changes resulting from the keeping of 
milk. The larger the globule, other things being equal, the 
quicker the churning, and the better the quality of the butter in 
respect to the grain. Thus, of cream taken from milk at inter- 
vals of twelve hours, the first skimming, which contains the 
larger globules, produces butter of better quality than does the 
cream of the second skimming. The seeming explanation of 
