Ixxxvi Agricultural Education — Examination Papers, 1882. 
3. State the geological position and principal agricultural charac- 
ters of the chief clay formations of England. 
4. Define permeable and impermeable strata, and exjilain how 
their relative position may influence the origin of springs or the 
artificial supply of water. Illustrate the answer by diagrams if 
necessary. 
5. Describe the nature and position of the Crag deposits. 
6. From what strata are septaria and clay-ironstone usually ob- 
tained ? Explain their origin and the purposes to which they are 
applied. 
7. Tabulate in descending order the carboniferous series of rocks. 
Mention the building stones and other economical substances obtained 
from them. 
8. Explain the nature of the fossil plants generally found in the 
carboniferous rocks. 
9. Describe the character and origin of the Wealden strata. 
10. By what natural processes have the stratified rocks been 
hardened or consolidated, and state the value of this knowledge in 
the selection of building stones. 
11. In what British strata are phosphatic deposits mostly found? 
How has their origin been explained ? 
12. Name the specimens on the table. 
EXAMINATION IN BOTANY. 
[It is expected that Eight Questions at least will be answered.] 
Maximum Nubiber or Marks, 100. Pass Number, 50. 
Saturday, May 13th, from 10 a.m. till 1p.m. 
1. What are the contents of an active leaf-cell, and what are their 
respective functions ? 
2. What are the elements of a dicotyledonous stem from the pith 
to the bark ? 
3. Give descriptions and examples of a bulb, corm, tuber, and 
rhizome. 
4. What physical conditions are necessary for the germination of 
a seed ? 
5. What are the difierenccs between fertilisation in angiosperms, 
gymnosperms, ferns, and mosses ? 
G. What arc the elementary constituents of the food of plants ? 
7. How is food assimilated by the plant ? Specify the organs by 
which food is assimilated, and the conditions under which the process 
takes place. 
