RUBIACJUEa 
143 
2. G. palustre (L.) ; I. 4 in a whorl linear-oblong broader 
upwards obtuse, panicle diffuse, ft. perfect, fruitstalks straight 
spreading at right angles, fr. smooth. — E. B. 1857. — St. 1 — 4 
feet high, weak, branched' or simple. Lowest t. usually 6 in a 
whorl, the rest in fours, 2 often much smaller. Fl. small, white. 
St. and branches nearly smooth. — /3. Witheringii (Hook.) ; angles 
of the stem and margins and under sides of the 1. rough with de- 
flexed bristles. — E. B. 2206. G. Witheringii Sm. — These varie- 
ties are scarcely distinguishable except in their extreme states. — 
Wet places by ditches and rivers. P. VII. VIII. 
3. G. erectum (Iluds.) ; /. about 8 in a whorl lanceolate mucro- 
nate the margins rough with prickles all pointing forwards, mid- 
rib slender, branches of the pa/iicle all ascending, fruitstalks 
divaricated, fr. oval smooth, pet. taper-pointed. — E. B. 2067- — 
St. weak, glabrous or hairy, ascending. L. lanceolate, scarcely 
at all obovate ; margins with 2 rows of prickles pointing for- 
wards ; midrib beneath rather slender, smooth.— /3. cinereum ; 
1. 6 — 8 in a whorl linear, fruitstalks G. cinereum (Sm.) 
E. B. S. 2783. seems to be only a narrow-leaved variety. — 
G. lucidum Bert., Koch, Reich., differs from this by the very 
broad midrib upon the under side of its leaves and the horizon- 
tally patent lower branches of its panicle, both of which charac- 
ters are very conspicuous in foreign specimens. G. cinereum 
from Corsica has very glaucous slender 1. and a few of the mar- 
ginal prickles decurved, but in other respects agrees with G. lu- 
cidum and is very different from Smith's plant. — Hedges and 
pastures. P. VI. VII. 
4. G. aristatum (L.) ; /. 6 in a whorl lanceolate bristle-pointed 
with minute marginal prickles pointing forwards, branches of the 
panicle all (?) ascending, fruitstalks , fr. smooth separating 
into 2 kidneyshaped carpels, pet. taper-pointed. — E. B. S. 2784. 
— St. a foot high, very smooth, branching. Midrib of the 1. 
smooth. — I know nothing of this plant except from the figure 
and description. — Angusshire. Mr. G.Don. P. VII. VIII. S. 
5. G. Mollugo (L.) ; I. about 8 in a ivhorl lanceolate -obovate or 
obovate-oblong cuspidate the margins rough with prickles point- 
ing forwards, midrib slender, branches of the panicle many- 
flowered lower ones spreading horizontally or deflexed, fruitstalks 
divaricated, fr. glabrous, pet. taper-pointed. — E. B. 1673. — St. 
ascending, square, thickened at the joints, glabrous, or in /3. sca- 
brum (Sm.) as well as the 1. hairy. — y. insubricum ; 1. about 6 in a 
whorl obovate abruptly cuspidate, branches of the panicle few- 
flowered terminating in trichotomous umbels, floral 1. large, 
bracts large usually solitary. G. insubricum Gaud., Koch, DC. 
&c. A distinct species ? — Hedges and thickets, y. Winander 
Mere. Rev. C. A. Stevens. P. VII. VIII. 
