RUBIACEJE. 
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ceolatc with marginal prickles pointing forwards, st. rough with 
decurved prickles, peduncles axillary ^-flowered, lateral Jl. barren, 
fr. warted reflexed. — E. B. 2173. — St. procumbent, spreading. 
Fl. small, pale yellow. Fr. large, a double globe, quite covered 
with large pyramidal tubercles. — Carse of Gowrie and near 
Forfar. Malton, Yorkshire. A. VI— VIII. E. S. 
12. G. tricorue (With.) ; I. 6 — 8 in a whorl linear-lanceolate 
with marginal prickles pointing backwards, st. rough withdeflexed 
prickles, peduncles axillary 3-flowered, fr. granulated reflexed. 
— E. B. 1641. — St. procumbent, spreading. Fl. small, all 3 
usually perfect in structure but seldom more than the middle one 
fertile. Fr. large, a double globe, covered with small granu- 
lations. — Dry calcareous fields. A. VI. — IX. E. 
13. G. Apariae (L.) ; 1. 6 — 8 in a whorl linear-lanceolate with 
marginal prickles pointing backwards, st. rough with derlexed 
prickles, peduncles axillary few- (about 3) flowered, fruitstalks 
divaricated straight, fruit covered with short hooked bristles. — 
E. B. 81G. — St. straggling amongst bushes, 3 — 4 feet long. The 
marginal prickles near the extremity of the 1. point forwards, the 
restbackwards. Fr. small. Peduncles or rather flowering branches 
with several leaves at the primary divisions. Fr. large. — Com- 
mon. — A. VI. — VIII. Goose-grass. Cleavers. 
14. G. spurium (L.) ; 1. 6 — 8 in a whorl linear-lanceolate with 
marginal prickles pointing backwards, st. rough with deflexed 
prickles, peduncles axillary with 3 — 9 Jlowers, fruitstalks diva- 
ricated straight, fr. smooth. — E. B. 1871. — Closely resembling 
the preceding and perhaps only a variety of it ; distinguished by 
its more numerous flowers, floral leaves solitary (" or in pairs"), 
and fruit of about half the size, which is said to be always gla- 
brous in British specimens. There is a continental variety 
(G. Vaillantii DC.) which only differs by having its small fruit 
hispid as in G. Aparine. — Forfar. A. VII. S. 
15. G. boreale (L.) ; I. 4 in a whorl lanceolate 3-nerved, st. 
erect panicled, corymbs terminal contracted, fruitstalks patent, 
fr. covered with hooked bristles. — E. B. 105. — St. about 18 in. 
high, with many leafy branches. Fl. white in compact terminal 
corymbs. Fr. hispid in the British plant. — Moist rocky places. 
P. VII. VIII. 
4. Rub i a Linn. 
1. R. peregrina (L.) ; 1. 4 In a whorl elliptic or lanceolate 
shining smooth above without veins the margin and keel rough 
with reflexed bristles. — E. B. 851. — St. spreading, square. L. 
rigid, persistent. Cor. rather rotate than campanulate, 5-cleft : 
lobes oval suddenly narrowed into a slender point. — Stonv and 
isandy thickets in the south. P. VI.— VIII. Wild Madder.— E.I. 
H 
