DIPSACKS — COMPOSITE. 
149 
st. bristly, inner calyx with 8 or 16 somewhat awned teeth. — 
E. B. 659. — St. 2—3 feet high, slightly branched, with few 
leaves. Radical 1. numerous, sometimes pinnately lobed. Fl. 
purple, in large convex long-stalked heads, outer ones usually 
unequal and radiant. Involucres bluntish. — Fields. P. VII. 
Field Scabious. 
3. Scabiosa Linn. 
1. S. succisa (L.); root abrupt, heads of fl. and fr. nearly 
globose, outer calyx hairy 4-fid herbaceous : lobes ovate acute, 
inner calyx of 5 bristles, cor. 4-cleft, 1. oblong entire, upper 1. 
narrower mostly entire. — E. B. 878. — St. 1 — 2 feet high. Ra- 
dical 1. numerous, stem 1. few. Fl. purplish-blue. St. and both 
sides of the 1. hairy or glabrous. — Meadows and pastures. P. 
VII.— X. Devil's bit. 
2. S. Columbaria (L.) ; heads of fr. globose, outer calyx mem- 
branous plaited notched, inner calyx of 5 nerveless bristles, cor. 
5-cleft, radical 1. oblong stalked crenate entire or lyrate, upper- 
most 1. pinnatifid with linear segments. — E. B. 131 1 . — St. 12 — 18 
in. high. Radical 1. obtuse, or, rarely, lanceolate and acute, on 
long stalks. Fl. purplish. Involucres narrow. — Common on a 
calcareous soil. P. VII. VIII. E. S. 
Order XLVI. COMPOSITE. 
Fl. capitate. Cal. superior ; limb entire, obsolete, forming a 
toothed bristly or feathery pappus. Cor. tubular or ligulate. 
Stam. 5, inserted in the tube, anthers united, syngenecious. 
Fr. an achenium with an erect seed without albumen. — The 
following arrangement of the genera is nearly that of Jussieu, as 
being more simple than that of DeCandolle, which is followed in 
the arrangement of the species. 
Suborder I. CORYMBIFERiE. 
Florets all tubular forming a level top ; marginal florets often 
ligulate. Stigma not jointed to the style. 
* Pappus more or less hairy. 
(1.) 1. Eupatorium. Heads few-flowered. Involucre im- 
bricate oblong. Receptacle naked. Florets tubular-funnel- 
shaped, hermaphrodite. Anth. included. Branches of the 
style exserted, cylindrical obtuse. 
(2.) 2. Petasites. Heads many-flowered, subdioecious. Fem. 
florets filiform, obliquely truncate, in many rows in the fem. 
heads, in 1 row in the herm. heads. Herm. florets tubular, 
few and central in the fem. heads, occupying the whole disk 
