s 
168 
COMPOSITE. 
7. S. aquations (Huds.) ; loioer I. stalked crenate or dentate 
obovate or ohlong slightly produced at the base undivided or sub- 
lyrate obtuse, upper 1. lyrate or pinnately cut : segments oblong 
or linear, st. round corymbosely branched, fr. all glabrous " sub- 
muricate." — E. B. 1131. — St. erect, 1 — 4 feet high, simple or 
branched in the upper half, branches ascending. Terminal lobe 
of the lower 1. rounded below and narrowed into its stalk. — 
/}. major ; 1. lyrate, terminal lobe truncate or subcordate below, 
segments subspathulate, fr. all glabrous and smooth. St. erect, 
with numerous branches. Terminal lobe of the lower 1. remark- 
ably truncate and scarcely decurrent at the base. S. erraticus 
Bert. ?— In marshy places. P. VII. VIII. 
8. S. paludosus (L.) ; I. sessile elongate-lanceolate tapering 
sharply serrate cottony beneath, st. straight hollow, corymbs ter- 
minal. — E. B. 650. — St. 4 — 6 feet high, somewhat woolly. 
Florets- yellow, of the ray narrow 13 — 16. — Fen ditches, very 
rare. P. V.— VII. E. 
9. S. saracenicns (L.) ; I. sessile lanceolate acute glabrous irre- 
gularly serrate : teeth small incurved, st. straight solid, corymbs 
terminal, ray of 6—7 florets.— E. B. 2211.— St. 3—5 feet high, 
smooth. L. broad. Corymb many-headed. Florets yellow. — 
Watery places, local. P. VIII. 
Tribe IV. Cynarece. 
Style of the hermaphrodite florets nodosely thickened above 
and often with a bunch of hairs at the knot, its branches united 
or free downy externally. Stigmatic lines reaching to the apex 
of the branches and there confluent. 
Section 1. CAR.LINEJE. Heads many-flowered, never di- 
oecious. Involucral scales in many rows, distinct, often spinous. 
Filaments distinct, naked. Fr. mostly villose. Pappus in 1 — 2 
rows, not surrounded by an elevated margin. 
26. Saussurea DeCand. 
1. S. alpina (L.) ; 1. nearly glabrous above cottony beneath, 
lower ones ovate lanceolate, upper sessile lanceolate, all distantly 
toothed, heads few in a dense corymb, involucre subcylinclrical 
with adpressed hairy scales. — E. B. 599- — St. 3 — 12 in. high, 
erect, downy, simple, terminating in a small corymb of heads 
with pinkish florets and purple anthers. Fr. glabrous. — In 
alpine situations. P. VIII. 
27. Carlina Linn. 
1. C. vulgaris (L.) ; st. corymbose 1 — many-headed, 1. oblong- 
lanceolate sinuate spinous, outer scales of the involucre bipin- 
