170 
COMPOSITE. 
lowermost toothed or pinnatifid. — E. B. 277. — St. 1 — 3 feet high, 
loosely cottony, leafy. L. slightly cottony above, densely be- 
neath. Involucre greenish-yellow, scales often tinged with pur- 
ple in their upper half, margins brown decurrent with whitish 
teeth. Heads with large radiant blue flowers, disk purple. — Corn- 
fields. A. VL— VIII. Corn Bluebottle. 
4. C. Scabiosa (L.) ; involucral scales erect adpressed pecti- 
nated : teeth ascending setaceous, pappus as long as the fruit, I. 
pinnatifid roughish, segments lobed with callous points. — E. B. 
56. — St. 2 — 3 feet high, rough, furrowed. L. hispid, lobes of 
the upper ones entire. Heads on long naked stalks, solitary. 
Involucres usually rather woolly ; scales pale, blunt, with dark 
acute membranous pectinated decurrent appendages, teeth pale. 
Florets purple, outer row radiant or 0. — Fields and hedges. P. 
VII. — IX. Great Knapweed. 
*** Involucral scales horny at the end with palmate or 
pinnate spines. 
*5. C. solstitialis (L.) ; involucral scales woolly palmately spi- 
nous, central spine of the intermediate scales very long needle- 
shaped, inner ones with a roundish scarious appendage, heads 
terminal solitary, st. winged with the decurrent bases of the 
linear-lanceolate entire hoary leaves, root L lyrate. — E. B. 243. 
—St. 1 — 2 feet high, branched, spreading. Involucres some- 
times glabrous. Florets yellow. — Cultivated land, probably in- 
troduced. A. VII.— IX. Yellow Star-thistle. E. 
6. C. Calcitrapa (L.) ; involucral scales glabrous palmately 
spinous, central spine strong channeled, innermost scales with a 
scarious obtuse appendage, heads lateral sessile solitary, pappus 
obsolete, I. deeply pinnatifid, lobes of the root 1. lanceolate 
toothed, of the stem L linear. — E. B. 125. — St. furrowed, slightly 
hairy, branched, spreading, about a foot high. Florets purplish. 
— Gravelly and sandy places. A. VII. VIII. Common Star- 
thistle. E. 
7. C Isnardi (L.) ; involucral scales palmately spinous, spines 
nearly equal 3 — 5, innermost scales with a scarious obtuse lan- 
. ceolate or slightly spathulate appendage, heads terminal solitary, 
pappus of all the fruits in several rows, I. linear coarsely toothed 
narrowed below sessile rough, lower ones (and those of the pri- 
mary stem r) broader inciso-dentate with clasping auricles. — 
E. B. 2256. — St. procumbent, with long slender simple leafy 
branches each terminated by a solitary head. L. mostly linear, 
slightly toothed or entire. — Florets purple. — Distinguished from 
C. aspera only by its simple upper leaves. — Guernsey. P. VII. 
VIII. O. 
