174 
COMPOSITE. 
viucronate adpressed, root of elliptiral tapering fleshy fibres. — 
E. B. 2562. Cir. bulbosum DC., Koch.— St. 2 feet high, erect, 
round, hairy, lea'fless above the middle with a few minute bracts. 
Lower 1. stalked, stem 1. nearly or quite sessile. — Great-ridge 
Wood near Boyton, Wilts. P. VIII. IX. E. 
11. C. acaulis (L.) ; I. glabrous radical lanceolate pinnatifid : 
lobes subtrifid spinose, involucre ovate glabrous nearly sessile 
mostly solitary : outer scales ovate inner ones gradually longer 
adpressed, root with filiform fibres. — E. B. 161. St. 24. 16. — St. 
generally wanting, sometimes 3 — 4 in. long and leafy. L. all 
stalked, glabrous except a few hairs upon the ribs beneath. 
Heads verv large, florets crimson. — Dry calcareous pastures. 
P. VII.— IX. 
12. C. heterophyllus (L.) ; I. clasping not decurrent glabrous 
above white and downy beneath lanceolate serrated fringed with 
minute prickles, root 1. with long stalks clasping at the base, in- 
volucres ovate slightly downy : scales ovate or lanceolate acumi- 
nate adpressed. — E. B. 675. — Root creeping. St. 3 — 4 feet high, 
furrowed, cottony, slightly branched above. Heads large and 
handsome. L. very large, undivided. — Moist mountain pastures. 
P. VII. VIII. E. S. 
Section 4. SILYBEsE. Filaments monadelphous. Pappus 
in many rows. 
32. Silybum Gaert. 
1. S. marianum (Gaert.). The only species. — E. B. 976. — 
St. 3 — 4 feet high, ribbed and furrowed. L. very large, oblong- 
lanceolate, wavy, clasping; radical 1. pinnatifid, usually varie- 
gated with green and milk-white. Heads large, globose. Invo- 
lucral scales closely adpressed below. Florets purple, their tube 
very long. — Waste places. B. VI. VII. 
Section 5. SERRATULEjE. Heads many-flowered ; florets 
all tubular, hermaphrodite or dioecious, the external row sometimes 
female. Involucre of many rows of distinct scales. Filaments 
distinct. Pappus in many rows of different lengths, inner row 
longest, pilose or plumose, surrounded by a margin. 
33. Serratula Linn. 
1. S. tinctoria (L.); 1. with bristly serratures pinnatifid some- 
what lyrate, heads oblong corymbose, involucral scales ovate 
adpressed, inner ones linear coloured. — E. B. 38. St. 3. 16. — 
St. 2 — 3 feet high, straight, erect, angular, branched above. 
L. variously pinnatifid or lyrate. Florets purple. — Groves and 
thickets. P. VIII. Saw-icort. E. S. 
