COMPOSITE. 
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pinnatifid nearly glabrous, stalk branched scaly and thickened 
upwards, involucre glabrous or hairy. — Apargia Sm. E. B. 830. 
Leontodon Koch. — L. all radical, tapering at the base, often with 
long linear spreading segments, usually somewhat hairy particu- 
larly on the midrib beneath. Involucre nearly always hairy. 
Pappus brownish. — /3. taraxaci ; 1. glabrous, stalk often simple, 
involucre shaggy with greenish-black hairs. Apargia taraxaci 
Sm. E.B. 1109. not Willd. — I gathered in the Isle of Skye a 
variety of the typical plant, of very large size, with the involucre 
densely clothed as in /3. — Meadows and pastures. /3. on lofty 
mountains. P. VIII. 
42. Tragopogon Linn. 
1 . T. minor (Fries) ; involucre twice as long as the florets, pe- 
duncles slightly thickened at the very summit, I. tapering into a 
long slender point from a dilated base. — T. major Hook, not Jacq. 
— St. 2 feet high, branched, erect. L. clasping the stem, gra- 
dually tapering into a very long acuminated point. Involucre in 
2 rows. Florets yellow, truncate, 5-toothed. Fr. of the mar- 
ginal florets angular and striated, the angles squamosely toothed, 
the interstices tubercular. The credit of determining this plant 
belongs to Mr. Leighton. — Meadows and pastures. B.? VI. 
VII. Smaller Goat's-beard. E. S. 
2. T. pratensis (L.) ; involucre equalling or shorter than the 
florets, peduncles slightly thickened at the very summit, 1. linear 
keeled dilated at the base. — E. B. 434. — St. 1| — 2 feet high, 
branched, erect. L. clasping the stem, narrowing upwards and 
terminating in a very long linear-acuminate point. Involucre 
in 2 rows. Florets yellow, truncate, with 5 teeth. There are 2 
forms of this plant, (a) with the involucre equalling the florets, 
and the fruit of the marginal florets obsoletely striated and 
squamosely-scabrous throughout ; the other (b) with the invo- 
lucre rather shorter than the florets and the marginal fruits (in 
my specimen) yellow slightly furrowed and quite smooth. — 
Meadows and pastures, less frequent than the preceding. B. ? 
VI. Field Goat's-beard. 
f3. T. porrifolius (L.) ; involucre longer than the florets, pe- 
duncles much thickened upwards, 1. tapering slightly dilated just 
above the base. — E. B. 638. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, erect, branch- 
ed, L. slightly broader just above the base then gradually nar- 
rowing to an acute point. Heads twice as large as in the two pre- 
ceding. Involucres usually i longer than the florets, but some- 
times only equalling them. Florets purple. Marginal fruits 
squamosely-tubercular throughout but particularly on the ribs. 
— T. major is probably only a yellow-flowered variety of this, as 
stated by Fries, but it has not been found in Britain. — Moist 
pastures near rivers. B. VI. Salsify. E. S. 
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