COMPOSITE. 
181 
angular. L. large. Florets yellow. Separated from this genus, 
with which it does not agree well in habit, by many authors, and 
named Aracium (Neck.), on account of its 1 -rowed rather rigid 
and brittle pappus. — Damp woods and shady places. P. VII. — ■ 
IX. 
49. Sonchus Linn. 
1. S. oleraceus (L.) ; 1. undivided or pinnatifid toothed clasp- 
ing : auricles spreading arrowshaped, fr. longitudinally ribbed 
smooth, st. branched, heads subumbellate, involucres glabrous. — 
E. B. 843. — St. 2 — 3 feet high. Florets yellow. — Common. 
A. VI —VIII. Sowthislle. 
2. S. asper (Hoffm.) ; 1. undivided or pinnatifid sharply toothed 
clasping : auricles rounded, fr. transversely rugose and longitudi- 
nally ribbed, st. branched, heads subumbellate, involucres gla- 
brous.— E. B. S. 2765, 27C6.— St. 2—3 feet high. Florets yel- 
low. — Common. A. VI. — VIII. Sowthistle. 
3. S. arvensis (L.) ; 1. lanceolate runcinate finely toothed cor- 
date at the base, uppermost 1. entire, st. simple, heads corymbose, 
involucre and peduncles glandular-hairy, fr. with transversely ru- 
gose ribs, root creeping. — E. B. 674. — St. 3 — 4 feet high, leafy. 
L. long, acute. Heads large, florets yellow. — Corn-fields. P. 
VIII. IX. Corn Sowthistle. 
4. S. palustris (L.) ; 1. linear-lanceolate " lower runcinate," 
vpper I. simple, all arrowshaped spinosely-ciliated : auricles 
acute, st. simple, heads corymbose, involucre and peduncles glan- 
dular-hairy, fr. with finely-rugose ribs, root without scions. — 
E. B. 935. — St. 4 — 6 feet high, leafy. Florets lemon-coloured. 
—Marshes, very rare. P. VII. VIII. E. S. 
50. Mulgedium Cass. 
1. M. alpinum (Less.) ; 1. glabrous lyrate arrowshaped at the 
base : terminal lobe large triangular-hastate acute, st. simple, 
heads racemose, bracts peduncles and involucres glandular-hairy, 
fr. oblong not attenuated with many ribs. — Souchus L. S. cceru- 
letts Sm. E. B. 2425. — St. 3 feet high, glabrous below, leafy. 
L. gradually smaller upwards, cordate on the barren shoots. 
Heads small, numerous. Florets blue. A remarkably handsome 
plant, and very distinct genus. — Clova Mountains. P. VIII. S. 
Section 6. HIEBACEJE. Receptacle generally without scales. 
Pappus filiform, rigid, brittle, never feathery nor dilated at the 
base, at length brownish or yellowish. 
51. Hieracitjm Linn. 
* Pilosellae. Stem resembling a scape. Root premorse. 
1. H. Pilosella (L.) ; st. leafless single-headed, scions creep- 
