51 Anatomy, S^-c, of the Digestive Organs of the Ox and Sheep. 
give you instructions with reference to the treatment of inflam- 
mation of the bowels, I feel that I should be doing that which 
would be positively injurious to your interests. No one exce])t- 
ing those who have made the subject of the diseases of the lower 
animals their study, should ever undertake the management of 
such cases. With regard to spasmodic colic, it is to be remem- 
bered that it is not an inflammatory disease ; even bleeding, 
therefore, although it is a powerful relaxer of spasm, is not 
absolutely required under such circumstances ; but when in- 
flammation exists, this must be our chief remedy. Stimulants are 
admissible in the one disease, but highly prejudicial in the other. 
One of the best formulas to be administered in spasmodic colic 
is composed of Ol. Tereb. o\]-, Spts. jElher Nitric. 5j., et Tinct. 
Opiioj- This should be given early, and repeated in about an 
hour if relief is not obtained; after which a continuance of the 
pain would point out the necessity of calling in the aid of the 
veterinary surgeon. As an adjuvant frictions to the abdomen 
should be employed : and the animal's comforts attended to as 
much as possible, by placing him in a roomy and well-littered 
stable or shed, where he can sustain no injury in his struggles 
during the exacerbations of the malady. 
And now, having endeavoured to communicate to this Meeting 
some information on the structure, functicms, and diseases of very 
important organs of the body, I would, while I offer to you my best 
thanks for your kind attention to my imperfect observations, ven- 
ture to hope that a spirit of inquiry will be awakened on this 
subject ; for by it each will gain something, and the grand object 
which this noble Society labours to accomplish, namely, to blend 
" practice with science," will be likewise promoted. 
III. — On a Method of breaking up inferior Pasture Land. 
By Francis Woodward. 
Having been requested by Mr. Pusey to publish the method I 
have adopted for convening inferior pasture-land into tillage, 
I feel great pleasure in so doing. 
In the commencement of the winter of 1844 there was a very 
considerable number of labourers out of employ in my neighbour- 
hood, and, having 20 acres of inferior pasture in high ridges 
(growing rushes in the furrows and moss on the tops of the 
lands), I thought these might be very profitably converted into 
tillage, and I adopted the following system : — 
I commenced by skimming or paring fon the top of the ridge) 
the turf about two inches deep with the old-fashioned skim- 
