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Report on the Farming of the 
persist in the opinion that it is not desirable to sow less than six 
bushels per acre, especially of the Tartarians ; on the shallower 
soils not less than four bushels are sown. Experiments on this 
much-debated question have been recently instituted with respect 
to wheat as well as oats, and they will probably be read with 
interest in the appendix to this report, which has been furnished 
by Mr. Fleetwood Shawe, of Brantingham Thorp. 
The land for spring-corn sowing only receives one ploughing ; 
and whatever may be the opinion as to the propriety of deeper 
ploughing for a turnip-fallow, yet for spring, either after the 
winter-eatage of turnips or after clover-seeds, it is never the prac- 
tice on the Wolds to plough deeper than from 3 to 4 inches. 
Just before the young plants of oats or bailey appear above the 
ground the custom is to sow clover-seeds. And here it may be 
remarked how very much it conduces to the future well-doing of 
this very important plant, that the soil should have previously been 
well pulverized. 
It has been observed, in respect to the question of clover-failure, 
that upon headlands, however defective may be the remainder of 
the field, there is seldom a want of clover-plant; and this has 
been attributed to the greater solidity imparted to the headland 
by the extra rollings, turnings, treading of the horses, &c. This 
is undoubtedly true ; but very much is also due to the extra pul- 
verization which the land here receives. It would be well that 
farmers bore this in mind, and that as much pains were taken in 
producing this sort of tilth as the season would admit of. 
Where clover alone is wanted for soiling, or for making into 
hay, about 21 lbs. of it (Trifolium pratense) are sown per acre — 
the after-grass of it is then depastured by sheep or lambs ; but 
where clover-seeds are required for summer-pasturage, the usual 
quantity per acre is 1 st. white clover (Tr. repens), and 1 st. of 
trefoil (T. officinale), rib-grass, and parsley (Apium graveolens). 
Sowing these light seeds by the hand in this bleak and exposed 
district is found to be attended with some difficulty and irregu- 
larity ; consequently a drill has for some time been in use, for 
which, as for other implements, the farmers are indebted to their 
Northumberland brethren. It consists of a sort of covered trough, 
12 feet long, through which an axle passes, provided at intervals 
with small brushes, and to which action is given by the travelling- 
wheels ; it is raised about 18 inches above the surface of the 
ground, and it is found that by this simple means the seed is de- 
posited with great regularity. In this way a man and horse can 
finish off nearly 30 acres a-day. 
Within the last eight or nine years another rather more compli- 
cated clover-seed drill has been used in the district. It is arranged 
