18G Observations on the varioiLS Insects 
The best process, however, for banishing the D. Daucella, 
which is perhaps the most mischievous species, has been sug- 
gested to M. Bouche from a knowledge of its economy. He has 
ascertained that the moths prefer laying their eggs upon the 
parsnij-) ; he therefore ])lants in his carrot-fields parsnips at 6, 8, 
or JO feet asunder, which attract the moths ; the eggs are conse- 
quently deposited upon them, and the caterpillars will not 
abandon the umbels on which they were hatched for those of the 
carrot. By this simple measure he finds, at the time for gathering 
the carrot seed, that it is not only preserved from ihe attacks of the 
caterpUlars, but also, being all attached to the parsnip heads, by 
collecting and burning them these troulilesome little pests may 
be nearly eradicated. He justly observes that this operation 
must be cautiously performed, otherwise the lively caterpillars 
will fall out and escape ; to prevent this, on approaching the 
parsnip plant, the infested heads should be instantly bent over a 
sieve or tub and cut off, so that the contents may be burnt without 
loss of time ; or he proposes that the parsni})s might be left until 
the caterpillars were changed to chrysalides ; but this would be 
a dangerous delav, if any of them descend and enter the earth to 
undergo their transformations. If they all become pupae in the 
umbels or stalks, the proposition is a good one, bui such, I am 
pretty certain, is not invariably the case. 
These caterpillars are not free from parasitic enemies ; indeed 
two have been bred from those of Depressaria Daucella by 
Bouche.* They both belong to the Order Hymenoptera and 
Family Ichneum()nid.e : the first is comprised in the Genus 
Cryptus or Phygadeuon, and was named by Fabricius. 
8. Cryptus (Phygadeuon) profligator.f It is black; the 
abdomen oval, red ; petiole narrow and black : legs stout, shanks 
and thighs red, a])ex of the hinder thighs black in the male : horns 
of female with a white ring : 4 wings, transparent or slightly 
smoked, stigma rusty ; areolet .5-sided : abdomen dilated towards 
the apex in the female ; ovipositor i or | as long as the body : 
length from 2 to 3^ lines. 
This Ichneumon is found on umbelliferous flowers, and the 
female deposits her eggs in a great number of the caterpillars of 
Depressaria Daucella. The '2nd parasite has been named 
9. Ophion (Pristoinerus) vulnerator by Gravenhorst.'l It is 
black with the middle of the body red : anterior legs red, black at 
the base, hinder red and black alternately ; the thighs with a tooth 
* ' Garten Inseckten,' pp. 151 and 155. 
t Gravenhorst, ' Ichn. Europ.,' vol. ii. p. 729, No. 203. Curtis's ' Guide,' 
Genus iDOO, No. 203. 
J 'Ichn. Europ.,' vol. iii. p. 724, No. 149, Pachymerus vulnerator — 
Curtis's ' Brit. Ent.,' fol. and pi. 624 ; 'Guide,' Genus 535a, No. 149. 
