at the York Mcdiinj, 1848. 
405 
iise of one-horse carts (Journal, vol. vii. p. 223) shows, however, 
that it is by no means necessary to use wag<;ons even on the most 
hilly farms, and it may be desirable to point out that there are 
l^^■o ways by which the inconvenience of a top-load on hilly land 
may be materially reduced, one of which (as has V)ecn already 
shown) consists in keeping carts loio ; the other, which is equally 
important, is to make them wide, so that a f^ood load may be put 
on without reaching an extravagant height. Both these points 
were fully carried out in a useful harvest cart exhibited by Mr. 
Stratton of Bristol — stand 126, art. 5 — and described by him as 
a Scotch harvest cart-body and shafts, invented by John Morton, 
Esq., of Whitfield. This was purchased of Mr. Stratton by the 
writer with a view to testing its merits in the field. Mr. Morton's 
harvest-body answers remarkably well, but the patent iron 
wheels are liable to the defect pointed out by the Judges, viz., 
that when the land is soft, it partly closes over the felloes, in conse- 
quence of their being iron, and, therefore, of nmch less substance 
than wooden ones. In dry weather or on a hard road they run 
well. One peculiarity of the harvest-body above-mentioned de- 
serves notice ; the frame, instead of having, like common cart- 
shelvings, two or even three parallel bars of wood at the ends, 
consists only of one rail strengthened by iron stays. This is found 
to have an excellent effect in preventing the load from slipping, as 
the first tier or course of sheaves is bent over this single rail by 
the weight above, and thus obtains so firm a bite that the cart 
may have a considerable inclination without disturbing the 
load ; whereas w hen there are two or three rails, the sheaves 
in the lowest course lie so flat that without great skill in 
loading they are very apt to slide when going up or down a 
steep hill. 
Steam- Engines (Judges' Report). — "At the trial of the first 
engine we used only 106 lbs. of coal and 22 lbs. of wood ; it 
arose from the exhibitors having entered the engine as only 
beg to state a plain fact which took place here at the last harvest. Having 
had my own harvest-home on the 1st of September, I was asked by a 
neighbour to help him in carrying his barley, which I agreed to on con- 
dition that we should try five horses of mine, with five carts, against ten 
horses of his, with four waggons. The offer was accepted, and it was 
agreed that the carts and waggons respectively should each take up two 
swathes of barley, row and row alternately, so that they should perform the 
same distance, and take an equal chance of any inequality in the crop. 
Tlie waggons went in first, and with a start of sixty yards. The carts 
followed, soon passed them, and kept the lead to the end, with half a horse, 
I should say, to spare. Two good ricks were built up by each respectively, 
and are now standing here side by side, one the work oi\five horses, the 
other of ten. The carts used were not harvest-carts, as I have only one 
set, to which rails are added for harvesting.' — Ph. Pusey. 
