Farming of Devonshire. 
455 
a large proportion are einplojed in agriculture. The following 
is a correct analysis of the population, as to their modes of occu- 
pation : — 
Professions 
and 
Trades. 
Agriculture. 
Domestic Ser- 
vants and 
General 
Labourers. 
Independent. 
Paupers. 
Residue.* 
Devonshire . 
13- 
10-2 
10-1 
3-8 
1-4 
58-8 
England 
16-9 
7-7 
10-4 
2-8 
I'l 
58-9 
Thus, it appears that whilst the agricultural population is 2| 
per cent, above the average of England, the professional and 
trading portion is nearly 4 per cent, below it ; but this deficiency 
is supplied by a larger number of persons of independent pro- 
perty. The mining operations are very limited in extent in this 
county, and employ only 1411 persons, of whom 265 are under 
twenty years of age. 
Surface. 
In considering the agriculture of this county it is necessary to 
bear in mind its physical peculiarities, as these present themselves 
to our notice in a very prominent manner, and materially in- 
fluence the rural economy of the district. The surface varies 
much, being in general a frequent succession of hill and vale, but 
occasionally of a more level character. Numerous rivers and 
tributary streams flow through these valleys, adding much to their 
beauty and providing an ample supply of water, which may be 
judged of from the fact that there are the extrordinary number of 
330 county bridges. The principal rivers are the Exe, Teign, 
Dart, Tamar, Tavy, Axe, Plym, and Torridge, all of which are 
to some extent navigable, and 26 others of lesser importance. 
Climate. 
The agencies which influence climate are numerous ; some are 
apparent and their eflfects can be correctly anticipated ; others 
are less evident, and their influence subtle and obscure to a 
degree that baffles the intelligence of man ; and these are more 
observable in the climate of Devon than in that of any other part 
of the kingdom. In order to afford some data by which we may 
more intimately examine the character of the climate of Devon, 
I have given the following Tables, containing the most satisfac- 
tory observations which have been published on the subject. 
* Under this head are comprised all those whose occupations are not 
specified. They are principally youths under twenty — females and infants. 
