482 
Farmhif/ of Devonshire. 
The advantages of sbeep-farming are not duly appreciated in 
Devonshire, as the farmer may thus save much labour in the con- 
veyance of manure, and the management of sheep in the neigh- 
bourhood of the downs and wolds affords many points of improve- 
ment which are worthy of imitation. 
Horses. 
These are small, strong, and active, for the land being for the 
most part hilly, it is found advantageous to have them rather under 
the ordinary size, as being better adapted for the work than large 
and heavy horses. They are worked eight hours daily, being 
allowed during the summer months to rest from twelve till two 
o'clock, but in winter complete the day's work without stopping. 
The practice of using pack horses is seldom followed except on 
hilly ground or in woods, for the removal of fagots, bai'k, &c., 
which are inaccessible by carts. In the neighbourhood of Ash- 
ton, Holcombe Burnel, Dartmouth, &c., "dung-pots" are fre- 
quently used for the conveyance of manure to sheep land. The 
" dung-pot" differs but slightly from the pack, and both are car- 
ried on the back of the horse. It is found necessary in these parts 
to replace the earth which has been washed from the higher to 
the lower ground, in order that the very thin soil upon which they 
have to work may not be entirely removed. This being done every 
six or seven years involves a large expenditure of labour, but it is 
absolutely necessary if such land is to be maintained under the 
plough. If laid down in grass it would yield better remunera- 
tion, and its place could be well supplied by breaking up some of 
the pasture land, which is now preserved as such, at no trifling 
loss to all classes of society. 
Pigs. 
The pigs which are reared in this county are well bred, and 
judgment has been shown in the various crosses. In the north 
of Devon very few are fattened for bacon, but large numbers are 
sent to London as porkers from three to six months old. In the 
dairy district the largest proportion are reared and fattened, as this 
is an important source of profit in a well-managed dairy. They 
are fattened when eighteen months or two years old, and average 
from 15 to 20 score. Until recently the potato was largely used 
for feeding pigs, but circumstances now compel us to seek a sub- 
stitute. The value of the potato as a nutritious food (or for the 
formation of muscle or flesh) is much inferior toothers in general 
use, yet its fattening properties render it valuable. This root, 
with barley meal, produces bacon of the best quality, for we have 
in the latter sufficient to supply the waste of the body by forming 
