Mixed Herharje of Grass-Land. 
139 
soda, was used. Then come two plots, the one with about 41 lbs. 
nitrogen, supplied in the form of ammonia-salts, and the other with 
the same amount in the form of nitrate of soda ; the former with 
farmyard dung manure in addition, containing, of course, besides 
a large amount of mineral constituents and carbonaceous organic 
matter, a considerable quantity of nitrogen ; the latter with the 
mixed mineral manure. Next comes the plot with ammonia- 
salts ( = 82 lbs. nitrogen) and superphosphate of lime instead of the 
mixed mineral manure, showing a deficiency of produce, due to 
the exclusion of the alkaline salts, of 1200 lbs. to 1400 lbs. per 
acre per annum. Still, this obviously defective combination 
gives more produce than an annual dressing of 14 tons of farm- 
yard manure per acre, with all its mineral and carbonaceous 
organic matter, and a good deal of nitrogen also. Nitrate of 
soda alone = 82 lbs. nitrogen, stands next to farmyard manure 
alone, giving more produce than the mixed mineral manure 
alone ; which, in its turn, gives slightly more than ammonia- 
salts alone = 82 lbs. nitrogen, or nitrate of soda alone = 41 lbs. 
nitrogen, and considerably moi-e than superphosphate of lime 
alone. But although the mixed mineral manure alone gave 
more total produce than the ammonia-salts alone (= 82 lbs. 
nitrogen), it in point of fact gave very much less of Graminaceous 
herbage, its increase consisting in very large proportion of Legu- 
minous plants. 
The general result is, then, that die largest amounts of gross 
produce were obtained where the largest amounts of nitrogen 
were applied in the manure; provided only, that a sufficiency of 
mineral constituents was at the same time supplied. Further, 
that much larger crops were obtained by means of artificial 
manures supplying nitrogen and mineral constituents, than by a 
heavy dressing of farmyard manure, with all its carbonaceous 
organic matter in addition to its large amount of nitrogen and 
mineral constituents. And again, a complex mineral manure 
alone, gave about as much total produce as ammonia-salts alone 
or nitrate of soda alone ; but the description of herbage developed 
was very different in the two cases. 
Let us now consider the varying character of the herbage coin- 
cident with the use of such very different descriptions of manure, 
and the production of such very varying amounts of crop. 
A glance at the Table (IL) shows that with the highest amount 
of produce there was the highest proportion in it of Graminaceous 
herbage = about 95 per cent., no Le<;uminous herbage whatever, 
and the lowest proportion of Miscellaneous herbage = not quite 
5 per cent. There was also with the lowest amount of produce 
only about 74 per cent, of Graminaceous herbage (which is 
almost 
