Mixed Herbage of Gi-ass-Land. 
149 
grass as early feed, and for its second cut ; Poa trivialis, also a 
good grass for early feed and second crop, but from its tufty 
growth and strong creeping roots said to he apt to banish other 
grasses ; Anthoxanthum odoratum, a fragrant gra^s, but not 
relished in large quantity ; and Alopecurus pratensis, better as 
green food than as hay. All the above were more evenly dis- 
tributed in the small unmanured produce than in any other ; and 
it contained besides, insignificant quantities of Dactylis glomerata, 
a bulkv and free-growing grass under favourable conditions, and 
much liked by stock when not too old ; Briza media, a plant of 
limited growth, and not much relished as food ; Cynosurus 
cristatus, varying in character considerably, according to circum- 
stances of growth, better for pasture than for hay, but upon the 
whole of little utility ; and lastly Bromus mollis, a soft and very 
bad food-grass. 
It is true that on one of the unmanured plots (No. 2) Dactylis 
glomerata occurred in notable quantity ; but as that plot was 
situated between plots 12 a and 13 Z», on both of which Dactylis 
was very luxuriant, it is more probable that it has, from time to 
time, been seeded from them, than that such a grossly-feeding 
grass flourished naturally on the unmanured land. Observation, 
indeed, led to the conclusion that in some other cases unexpected 
differences in the indications of the figures arc attributable to 
adventitious circumstances of an allied kind. 
Of Leguminous herbage, the unmanured produce contained 
from 6 to 7 per cent., the larger portion of which consisted of 
perennial red clover, with a little white clover. Lathyrus 
pratensis (meadow vetchling), and Lotus corniculatus (bird's-foot 
trefoil) occurred in less quantity, but the two about equallv, and 
more largely than in any other case excepting where the mixed 
mineral manures were employed. 
The INIiscellaneous or weedy herbage, of which nearly 20 per 
cent, of the unmanured produce was composed, also consisted, 
like the Graminaceous herbage, of a great variety of species, of 
which few specially predominated, excepting the Plantago 
lanceolata (ribwort plantain). The next in prominence were the 
Ranunculus acris and R. bulbosus (crowfoots), Rumex acetosa 
(sorrel dock), Carum Carui (common caraway), Achillaea mille- 
folium (milfoil), and Luzula campestris (field wood-rush). In 
smaller cpiantity occurred — of the Order Composita: — Centaurea 
nigra (black knapweed), Leontodon hispidus (rough hawkbit), 
Tragopogon pratense (yellow goat's beard), Taraxacum Dens- 
leonis (dandelion), Hypochceris radicata (cat's-ear), and Bellis 
perennis (daisy) ; of the Order Umbellifercc, Pimpinella saxifraga 
(burnet saxifrage), and Heracleum sphondylium (hogweed) : and 
of plants of various other natural Orders, occurring still less pre- 
