158 
Effects of different 3Ianures on the 
manuring of any kind, is by far the most predominating plant ; 
Carum Cariii and Achillaea millefolium coming next in order. 
All others, Ranunculus and Plantago included, occuned in very 
small amounts ; and the total quantity of Miscellaneous herbage, 
%vhich was small, was attributable chiefly to the luxuriance of 
the Rumex and the Carum, and the frequency of the Achillaea 
millefolium. 
III. — Tlie tendency to the Development of leafy or stcmmy Produce, 
and the Order of Ripeness. 
As already explained, in the separations of 1858, the results of 
which were recorded in our former Report, the Graminaceous 
herbajje was classified into "Stems bearing: flower or seed," 
which could be referred to particular species, and into " De- 
tached leaf and indeterminate stems ;" and hence the figures 
pretty directly indicated the relative tendency to the production 
of stem and seed, or of leaf. But since in the recent separations 
all the detached leafy matter that could be identified is included, 
with the stemrny portion, under the head of " Deteimined 
species " — the remainder only being put down as " Undetermined 
stem and leaf," or " Shedded flowers and seeds, &c." — the nu- 
merical results of the present inquiry do not serve to illustrate 
the subject of the tendency to the development of leafy or 
stemmy produce. The figures in the column in Table II. 
showing the amounts remaining as " Undetermined stem and 
leaf" do indeed indicate, where the amount is large, that the 
separation and identification were unusually difficult, and so far 
generally that the produce was leafy and ill-defined rather than 
stemmy and matured ; but in the few remarks we have to make 
on the point in question, as well as on that of the relative ripe- 
ness, we shall rely on careful observations made on the ground 
just before and at the time of cutting, in which ton conditions or 
orders of ripeness of the produce (of the 20 j)lots) were noted. 
The unmanured plots presented a very thin crop of stem, with 
a full and uniform development of leaves, which were, however, 
very short, affording upon the whole a pretty even and close, but 
meagre bottom herbage, Avhich was green and late at the time of 
cutting, its order of ripeness being No. 8. Leguminous and 
Miscellaneous plants were numerous, but mostly of stunted 
growth. 
Superphosphate of lime alone gave a crop very much like the 
unmanured one as to general relation of leaf and stem, tScc, but 
it was rather more luxuriant, and showed more tendency to the 
production of fine leaf, chiefly belonging to the smaller and later 
