Five Years Progress of Steam Cultivation. 375 
two differential spur-wheels, demanding diagrams for an explana- 
tion) regulates the wrapping of the coils : but winding upon a 
drum with vertical axis can never be so neatly done as upon a 
drum with horizontal axis, in which case the coils are not liable to 
drop over one another when loose. As the rope can feed on to 
the drums at any angle of direction, and the engines (following 
anv irregular line of hedgerowj take up or let out rope for vary ing 
lengths of furrow, without any hindrance or any attention on 
the part of the men ; and, moreover, as there is neither 
windlass nor anchorage of any sort to be shifted or set down 
(so that after finishing a field, the engines can move off at once 
with rope and implement, and, without the assistance of any 
horse at all, instantly commence work in another field), this 
double-engine arrangement is admirablv calculated for districts 
of irregular-shaped inclosures, and especially for working on 
hire. Of course, the slack half of the rope is only imperfectly 
carried ; but then, all the rope out at once is only of the same 
length as the furrow. In economy of performance, unless the 
number of removals be excessive (as in contract work), the 
double-engine system falls behind that of the single-engine and 
anchorage ; and it is, at the same time, a far more heavy in- 
vestment. 
I need not describe Mr. Fowler's implements. The 3-fur- 
row or 4-furrow plough, balanced upon a pair of large-sized 
wheels, can be fitted up with cultivating-tines, or the plough- 
shares can be used with short prong mouldboards (or "digging- 
breasts "j, which perform much more effectual tillage than anv 
other cultivating-tines whatever. Trench ploughs, subsoilers, or 
double-breasted ridge-ploughs, may all be used on this implement. 
Another implement is the 5-tined or 7-tined cultivator, similarly 
balanced upon a pair of wheels, the tracks of which are obliterated 
by the tines following them. Another is a cultivator and sulj- 
soiler combined, working to a depth of 18 inches. Another is 
a set of heavy harrows, hung in a light framing, to which the 
steering and slack-rope gear are attached. For working behind 
the plough, a 3 or 4 furrow land-presser is provided, with seed- 
box attached ; and a corn-drill is also supplied, to be worked 
alongside the cvdtivator, thus making a seed-bed and sowing at 
one operation. 
The double-engine system is carried out in a novel maimer by 
Messrs. \\ . Savory and Son, of Gloucester. The illustration 
given in page 376 shows the form of his engine. A shell drum, 
of 6 feet diameter, without arms or spokes, incloses the body of 
an engine-boiler, — revolving upon three pairs of friction-wbeels, 
which are supported in brackets upon the boiler. The cylinders 
are placed transversely across the end of the smoke-box, over 
