Five Years' Progress of Steam Cultivation. 
405 
c a 
Same and Address. 
Mr. J. Elliot, Tarbert 
Sfains, Park Hill,Pioss- 
sliire. 
Kimbolton Park, Beds. 
Mr. Bradshaw, Knowle, 
Guildford. 
Mr. Bignell, Loughton, 
Bucks. 
Mr. T.B.Dring.Claxby, 
Spilsby, Lincolnshire. 
Earl Howe, Gopsall, 
Leicestershire. 
Mr. J. S. Evenden, 
Meopham, Kent. 
cultivated by horses ; all other things being 
equal. 
" We had fullj' 2 quarters per acre of oats 
more after the steam-plough than after 
horse-ploughing ; all in the same field." 
"Previously to using the steam-cultivator 
the quality of our corn was generally 2s. 
per quarter below the average of the neigh- 
bourhood, and we could not get a plant of 
clover at all. During the last 2 years we 
have not only grown splendid crops of 
clover, but the quality of our com has ad- 
vanced 3s. per quarter, with an increase of 
4 to 8 bushels per acre." 
" Upon the (light) land smashed up and not 
ploughed, a quarter and a half more of 
barley was grown \>ex acre than where the 
plough was used. The triumph of steam- 
cultivation on my farm is this : I have a 
piece of honest Sussex clay, which had 
never within the memory of man produced 
a crop. That clay has now produced on 
one side a splendid crop of swedes, and on 
the other side a beautiful crop of wheat.'' 
A heavy soil, which, under ordinary manage- 
ment by horses, would be incapable of 
turnip cultivation. Yet of 220 acres arable, 
26 acres (in 1862) were in swedes, turnips, 
and mangold ■^•urzeL Part of the wheat- 
stubble manured in autumn and smashed 
up by steam-power. It was cross-cultivated 
by steam, thrown into 30-inch ridges by 
horses, farmyard dung put in the drills, 
and this covered in by splitting the ridges 
by horse-power. The result, a magnificent 
crop on the cheapest of fallows. 
" I have cultivated 90 acres for wheat by 
steam that I should not, or could not, have 
done with my ordinary teams ; and the re- 
sult was that I got three sacks of wheat 
more per acre than on other land of the 
same qualit}- worked with horses in a wet 
season." 
" The advantage we have upon heavy-land 
farms is that we can produce one-third 
more roots, and of couise increase the num- 
ber of cattle accordingly." 
(With Kentish ploughs worked by Mr. 
Smith's tackle.) "The sequel has been 
that, last harvest, the crop was doubled to 
any previously grown on the same field 
before." 
