Burning of Clay Land. 
543 
ing, then buried bv one deep ploughing, and the land planted 
with swedes before the middle of June. The fallow crops upon 
40 acres of clay-land will be, — mangolds, 12 acres ; cabbages (of 
two varieties, to be planted in October), 8 acres ; and vetches, 
20 acres. 
The green crops will be reversed every four years. Thus, 
where red clover was grown in 1860, there would be mixed seeds 
and beans in 1864; where ryegrass and swedes in 1860, vetches 
and turnips in 1864; and where mangolds and cabbages in 1860, 
vetches in 1864. It should also be borne in mind that on the 
clay-land, clo^'er should be the next green crop after the mangold 
and cabbages ; mixed seeds after the vetches. 
The breeding ewes must be kept as long as possible upon the 
seeds ; and while they are eating down those upon the clay to 
prepare the way for the plough, those on the lightest land — that 
which may be planted as soon as ploughed — must be saved. 
Upon this, when the clay-land seeds are finished, the ewes must 
be fed, with the addition of some chaff, if necessary, and so 
kept off the grass until the end of November, by which time all 
the land after seeds should be sown with wheat. The ewes 
then go into the strawyard, to be kept upon a mixture of hay 
and wheat-chafF, with malt-dust. They should be turned out 
four or five hours every day upon a fresh portion of the grass- 
land, a very small one ; but the hurdles must be moved every 
day, and the allowance of grass increased, and the dry food 
improved, by the addition of oats or oilcake, as the yeaning time 
approaches. After lambing, they go to the Italian ryegrass, of" 
which they must have a fresh portion every day ; for be it re- 
membered that all the green food is supposed to be hurdled off ; 
not only because it is economised thereby, but because the sheep 
will do better, and the land will be more equally manured thani 
by giving the whole field at once. If all this Italian ryegrass is- 
eaten before it is necessary that the land should be prepared for 
swedes, it will still be useful to remove the sheep to that field at 
night from off the other seeds, where their feet in the frosty 
mornings would be destructive. I need not point out how, with 
the provision of food for the summer months above indicated, the 
flock may be maintained — this, I hope, is sufficiently obvious ; 
they are to be kept upon the land until the cabbages, turnips, and 
swedes are eaten, and then go into yards. The wether and draft- 
ewe lambs (tegs, as they are here called ; hogs, in other counties) 
will then be fattened upon mangolds, with a liberal allowance 
of clover-chaff and malt-dust, and ^Ib. oilcake, daily ; the ewe- 
lambs intended to be kept for stock, will have mangolds, with a 
mixture of clover and wheat-chafi'. Both will do better with 
VOL. XXIV. 2 N 
