Tenant's Right to unexhausted Improvements. 
paid for them on entry. The cost of seed and laliour on corn sown 
for the incoming tenant is of cour?e always paid by the latter. 
The tenant has ihe right to remove, or can claim to be paid 
for, anv buildings put up by himself on " bay stones," where the 
bxiildin'gs do not enter into the ground, but he cannot remove a 
building attached to the freehold, nor even claim an allowance for 
it except by special agreement. On some estates buildings are 
allowed for like other improvements on a term of 20 years. 
A tenant cannot break up grass-land without permission, nor sell 
any straw, hay, or manure. He is bound to keep the buildings, 
fences, gates, and ditclies in good repair, and to leave them so. 
All these claims and matters are left to be settleil by two arbi- 
trators, one to be named by the outgoing tenant, and the other by 
the landlord or incoming tenant; and if they cannot agree, then 
by a third party, to be named by the arbitrators before they begin 
to act. 
These customs are all so well established on this estate, that it 
is quite unnecessary to insert them in the ordinary agreements for 
farms ; and I find on Lord Yarborough's property the simple 
form of agreement, wluch I believe you have seen, quite sufficient. 
They are also pretty generally followed through this part of the 
county, unless where modified by regular agreements. 
In addition to the allowances I have mentioned, a fresh one has 
just been established on this estate, having become desirable from 
the increasing importance of its subject. It is an allowance for 
oil-cake given to stock, which you are aware has a most im- 
portant effect in improving the quahty of the manure, though 
there is seldom much profit to be made from it on the stock itself. 
The allowance is based on the assumption that the manure is im- 
proved to the extent of half the value of the oil-cake consumed ; 
but, to get a fair average as to both quantity and price, it is made 
to extend over the last two years, and the allowance is two-sixths 
of the cake used in the last year, and one-sixth of that used in the 
previous one ; making together the half of a year's consumption. 
Oil-cake given to horses is excluded, as I conceive the benefit to 
their manure would be comparatively trifling, and an allowance 
for it would tend to make cake supersede the legitimate food of 
the horses in the last year of a tenancy. Cake given to sheep in 
the field is also excluded. This decision has been come to after 
careful consideration and inquiry, partly on the ground that the 
benefit to the sheep is sufficient to make it wortti while to give 
cake without regard to the manure, and partly from the greater 
difficulties attending the getting a correct account, and the increased 
liability to fraud. 
The allowance for oil-cake is made only on Lord Yarborough's 
estate, and one or two other smaller ones, and is therefore a sub- 
