24 
Agriculture of Nottinghamshire. 
remuneration to the occupier, which can scarcely be said of the 
wet and cold parts still requiring drainage. On these soils, instead 
of the turnip crop, the farmer must have a naked fallow for wheat 
or barley, which is succeeded by clover in the third year, and 
afterwards ploughed up for wheat or oats. 
Where drainage is wanting, it is a precarious district to farm, 
and one but little sought after ; neither can the tenant be expected 
to improve materially a soil lying under such natural disadvan- 
tages, unless the landlord comes forward to his aid by giving 
drain-tiles, and otherwise assisting him. Some landlords have 
shown themselves willing to do so, on the tenant being at the ex- 
pense of laying them ; in other instances the whole expense is 
incurred by the landlord, he charging the tenant a reasonable per 
centage on the capital expended. 
The South-eastern, or Clay District. 
Mr. Lowe has divided this district into, — " 1st, the clavs north 
of the Trent, consisting of the North and South Clay Divisions 
(of the hundred of Bassetlaw), and part of the hundred of Thur- 
garton ; 2ndly, those south of the Trent, comprehending the Vale 
of Belvoir and the Notts Wolds." 
In speaking of the clays north of the Trent, he says, I must 
observe that the clays north of the Trent are in general not of so 
tenacious a nature as in many counties, being much more friable 
from containing a portion of sand, and falling more readily by the 
weather ; particularly the red clay, of which there is a great deal 
in the country round Tuxford and in the hundred of Thurgarton, 
which might be more properly called a clayey loam, and a blackish 
clay soil commonly called a woodland soil, in which there is 
plainly a mixture of sand." 
Mr. Lowe then remarks, " there is a great intermixture of open 
fields and inclosed townships ;" and he shows, in his Appendix, 
that north of the Trent, at the time he wrote, the proportion of 
townships was as 31 unenclosed to 21 enclosed: of the 31 then 
unenclosed, there are now not more than 3 or 4 open, and these 
will doubtless, by inclosure, soon be assimilated to the rest. » 
Of the mode of cultivation then adopted, Mr. Lowe remarks, 
" In the open field the common course of husbandry is, — 
1st. Fallow. 
2nd. Wheat or barley. 
3rd. Beans, peas, or both mixed. 
The latter crop is very common in this county ; the reason given 
for it is its smothering the weeds ; but I have always observed the 
crops to be very foul." 
It is almost unnecessary to state that, since inclosures have 
become general, which has been effected gradually, the above 
