78 
On Futteniwj Cattle. 
and chew the cud till after dinner, when another bushel of swedes 
is given as before, in small quantities, followed by a similar dry 
bait of cake, pollard, and hay-chaff, but with the addition of 
3 lbs. of bean-meal ; this is left with them at night. Be careful 
that the shutters are opened or closed, according to the weather, so 
as to maintain an even warm temperature, but not hot enough to 
make them perspire, if it can be avoided. Be also careful that 
the mangers are well cleaned out between every bait. I have 
mine cleaned at the commencement of the season, and as often 
afterwards as I think necessary, v\ith scalding water and the 
scrubbing-brush. 
After a month or so the cake may be increased ; and, if it is 
thought more convenient, the swedes may be changed for mangokl- 
vvurzel. Many persons object to using mangold until the spring : 
they certainly are more valuable than swedes in the spring, and 
therefore should always be used last. Never change from man- 
gold-wurzel to swedes after you have once begun them, or the 
bullocks will not go on so fast ; but if, from having a bad crop 
of swedes, or from any other cause, you want to begin mangold 
early, you have only to lay them exposed to the air for a week or 
two to wither, and they may be used as early in the season as is 
required. 
It will be observed that cleanliness, warmth, and quiet are the 
great points I insist upon ; of course coupled with good feeding : 
but very many tons of oil-cake are annually wasted, because the 
comfort of the animals is not more attended to. It will also be 
observed that I have introduced a cheap article of food, which I 
think does the beasts more good, in proportion to its cost, than 
anything I give them : I allude to pollard, or millers' offal, ,as 
some call it. This I can generally purchase at 4/. IS^'. a ton. I 
have used it extensively for some years, and like it much ; some 
of my neighbours are now following my example. 
Before I conclude I wish to give these recommendations respect- 
ing selling the bullocks when fat. Do not determine upon parting 
with them exactly at any given time ; but if a butcher want-s to 
buy a part of them, a few weeks before you think them ready, 
calculate how they are paying for what they have eaten ; and, if 
you feel satisfied on that head, do not run the hazard of getting a 
bad sale by refusing a good offer, or perchance the opportunity 
may not return. Sell them to butchers at home, if you can.. 
Always estimate the weight and value of your bullocks the day 
before any one is coming to buy them ; and, after letting the 
butcher handle and examine them well, let them out into a yard 
for him to see; they will always show better than when tied up. 
