154 
Observations on the various Insects 
They may be found in the morning by shaking the corn, and will 
then fly about the jjround. 
The female deposits her eqqs between the valvules of the corolla 
by means of her lon<; ovipositor. 
Patches of the eggs found the 7th of June ; on the 17th the 
larva was newly hatched. 
This or a similar species has been detected in France. 
In August, 1840, I found the larvcB enclosed in their cases 
upon the grain in Suffolk ; which was also affected by red-rust. 
All the cases were fractured at the head, as if the larvae had 
attempted but failed to make their escape. 
They voluntarily left iheir cases and died. 
In January, 1841, they were abundant in \he dust, after win- 
nowing the wheat. 
The skins or cases enclosing the larvae adhered to sound grains 
and the chaff-scales. 
Some quitted the ears and buried themselves : had these been 
punctured by a parasitic Ichneumon'^ 
It seems evident that they lie in an inactive state during the 
wijiter. 
Very desirable to ascertain if the larvce enter the earth to he- 
come pupa, and under what conditions. 
Where do the parent midges come from which deposit the eggs 
in the standing corn ? 
It is possible the same species may inhabit both com and grasses. 
The Wheat-midge has been observed in Scotland and Ireland, as 
well as in a great many counties of England. 
\x\June, 1842, 1 found both the Wheat-midge aud its parasite in 
Dorsetshire. 
Nearly thirty species of Cecidomyia have been found in this 
country, and they vary greatly in their economy. 
Three iW^evenX, parasites check the multiplication of the British 
wheat-midge. 
Five coombs calculated as the loss in a field oi fifteen acres. 
At least two grains in each ear injured by the larvae. 
In Scotland one-third of the crop was lost, and the farmery suf- 
fered severely, in 1828 and three following years. 
In Suffolk the yield of wheat was one-third less, in some districts, 
in 1841 than was expected. 
The larvcB were found in myriads in the dust from the chaff and 
dross of the wheat. 
Probably most readily extirpated by means of a sieve to be used 
in winnowing, to separate the chaff from the pupae and dust. 
Tipula cerealis injurious to barley and .sj)clt. 
Tiie larvce live in families between the leaf -sheath and the 
stalk. 
