1 88 Advantage of very Shallow Cultivation. 
land ; breast-plough again rather deeper than before, harrow and 
drill with the turnip seed (sufficiently wide to admit of the horse- 
hoe) sixty bushels of artificial manure, consisting of lime, wood, 
and turf ashes, in equal quantities, leaving it lightly rolled ; and 
when the plant is high enough I commence using the horse and 
hand hoes, which I continue to do very frequently throughout the 
summer, thereby encouraging the growth of the turnips, and 
enabling me to begin feeding them off in the month of August. 
Second Year, Cultivation for Wheat. 
No. 2. The Turnips of No. 1 being consumed, I breast-plough 
to mix the sheep manure with the soil, horse-plough very lightly, 
drill '2\ bushels of red lammas wheat per acre, leave it till the 
spring following, and before the horse- roll can be used send 
women to tread it, and, if occasion require, tread it again ; after 
which I have it twice hoed. I have found more benefit from this 
mode of pressing than anv other, being done at a time when 
wheat, on this description of soil, requires assistance. 
Third Year, Cultivation for Turnips. 
No. 3. The stubble of the wheat-crop of No. 2 being cleared, 
I breast-plough, plant 2 bushels of winter vetches per acre, hoe 
them the spring following ; when fit, feed them with sheep. 
Breast-plough, rake up, and burn everything that would be in 
the way of the drill or horse-hoe ; drill in, with the turnip seed, 
1 0 bushels of bones per acre, lightly roll it, and adopt the same 
management with regard to hoeing as described in the cultivation 
of No. 1 . After the turnips of this field (No. 3) have been eaten, 
I again use the breast-plough, and leave it till the time of planting 
barley, when I — 
Fourth Year, Cultivation for Barley. 
No. 4. Breast-plough, harrow, drill 4 bushels of barley, and 
sow 2 bushels of meadow-grass seed, Lolium perenne, var., and 4 
pounds of red or broad clover per acre ; harrow and roll. ,The 
meadow-grass being intended for early, and the clover for late 
food. 
Fifth Year, Meadow Grass. 
No. 5. The turnip crop of No. 3 being now nearly consumed, 
and the couples requiring a change of food, I am enabled, by 
about the 6th of April, to place them on my early spring food, 
which being eaten I leave for seed ; and when the lattermath is 
fit, again hurdle it off with the ewes during the day, removing 
them every night to the turnips of No. 1, which are now being 
stocked to plant with wheat. 
