Farming of Kent. 
"177 
ing them ample room and perfect ventilation. The height of the 
walls is 11 feet, and to the top of the roof, which consists of only 
one span, 26 feet. The length of the lodge is 90 feet in the clear, 
by 54 feet wide. It contains six rows of mangers, to which the 
animals are tied ; each being provided with a separate trongli and 
cistern, so as to prevent any interference with one another. In 
this building it is comparatively easy, at all seasons of the year, so 
to regulate the temperature as to promote the health, comfort, 
and well-doing of the stock. 
Connected with the large cattle-lodge are, the boiling-house for 
steaming food, the turnip-house and cake-room, the hay and chaff 
room, with granary above, and also the straw-barn. The ma- 
chinery, placed in their different offices, for cutting hay, straw, 
turnips, oil-cake, &c., is connected with the horse-power by an 
underground shaft. 
Among the novel features of this homestead is the compara- 
tively small size of the barn (No. 7), which is 60 feet long and 
21 feet wide, built entirely of wood upon stone quoins. Each 
head will hold 30 or 40 quarters of unthreshed wheat, while the 
others will take a portion of the straw. The threshing-machine is 
placed on an upper floor in the centre of the building, 6^ feet 
above the cleaning- floor. The whole operation of threshing and pre- 
paring corn for market is performed by one power, and at one time. 
There can be no doubt that the practice so common in this 
country of having two or more barns, of large dimensions, and 
sometimes widely separated from each other, even on moderately 
sized farms, is wholly unnecessary ; involving a heavy expense 
upon the landlord, without affording any corresponding benefit to 
the tenant. Corn carefully secured in stacks keeps much better 
than when placed in barns. Lord Torrington's principle involves 
also another great advantage, which is not sufficiently appreciated 
in many parts of this country, viz., threshing by machinery. It is 
obvious at once, that whatever amount of manual labour is ex- 
pended in threshing, &c., after the crop is gathered in, will not 
increase it a single grain. Whereas, if that extra, and therefore 
profitless, labour were judiciously directed to draining and a higher 
cultivation, more abundant harvests would be reaped. 
The vast stable, implement-lodge, and piggery, together with 
a number of smaller offices, as shown in the plan, are all con- 
veniently constructed with a view to economic labour and syste- 
matic details. There are likewise admirable arrangements for 
carrying off whatever amount of water may come from the roofs 
of the various buildings, by cast-iron gutterings ; while the whole 
of the liquid excrements of the cattle is conveyed into a capacious 
tank. 
The buildings (with the exception of the barn) are of stone, dug 
