312 
Report on the Exhibition of Implements 
Harroics. — Of the iron harrows produced bj Messrs. Sanders, 
Williams, and Tavlor, of Bedford, ii suffices to sav that no farmer 
would use wooden ones if he saw these work. The Societv s 
prize was ag:ain awarded for them, as unquestionably the best in 
the show-vard. 
A harrow of an entirely novel construction and of great pro- 
mise, in the estimation of the judges, was exhibited bv Mr. George 
Edward Frere, F.R.S. of Edinburgh, and attracted much atten- 
tion in the field. It is called the Norwegian Harrow or Clod- 
crusher, and was originally imported from Sorwav bv Mr. Frere: 
the one under notice having been constructed, with some changes, 
by Mr. Richard Stratton, of Bristol. The acting part of this imple- 
ment consists of a frame containing four horizontal spindles, on 
each of which is fixed a set of cast-iron bosses, with teeth pro- 
jecting from them like the rowels of a spur. These teeth revolve 
with the spindles, those on one spindle inter-working with the 
others, so that they severally clear and clean each other. The 
effect produced is a remarkable bruising, crumbling, or disinte- 
gration of the soil, without any clogging of the spikes, or possible 
derangement of the working parts. The weight suffices to cause 
the spikes to penetrate to the required depth, which is also 
governed b}' an adjustment of the wheels applied for travelling 
the implement, and for taking it out of work when turning — but 
it acted quite as well when divested of the wheels and of other 
paraphernalia, which tended rather to embarrass than assist its 
good action. Neither stones nor sods appear in any way to 
obstruct the working of this eminently simple machine, the stones 
being pushed aside, and the sods torn to pieces. The force was 
thought to be less than that required to work a common set of 
harrows going equal depth, and the effect in pulverization much 
greater. It was tried on two different kinds of soil immediately 
after ploughing with similarly good results. To what extent this 
implement may act as a clod- crusher the judges cannot say, as 
thev had no means of trying it — but this distinction may be 
drawn between it and such an implement as Mr. Crosskill's, viz., 
that the Norwegian harrow leaves the land perfectly light and 
loose, whilst the clod-crushing roller gives to it firmness and con- 
sistence. 
The judges awarded to Mr. Frere a premium of 10/., and Mr. 
Stratton obtained many useful hints from this first trial of the 
implement for its future improvement. 
Drills. — A variety of drills ha\-ing been tried at Shrewsbury, a 
selection was made of those which seemed most likely to realise 
the conditions attached to the respective prizes offered by the So- 
ciety. These were transferred to Pusey, and there put to the 
final test. Thev consisted of — 
