Fanninf/ of ConiwaU. 
4-27 
ploughed as soon after harvest as possible. When grown on a 
grass-lay the first ploughing seldom takes place until Lady-Day, 
and the ground is worked sufficiently to cleanse it of weeds, as 
shortly after May as possible. In .June it receives the seed-furrow, 
and the dung when applied is covered in by that ploughing. The 
seed is usually drilled on the flat surface, at 18 inches apart, with 
a machine that deposits the manure at the same time, which is 
generally bone or guano ; and when dung is applied, either a 
smaller quantity of tliose manures or ashes of some kind are com- 
monly drilled in witli the seed. On many of the cliff-lands on 
the south coast, sea-weed is e.vtensively employed for this crop, 
})loughed under the furrow with the first ploughing, in most in- 
stances producing a crop of white turnips ; but generally, dung, 
bone, or ashes are employed also, in order to secure a good crop 
of swedes. The cost of producing an acre of swedes, grown after 
wheat, is thus estimated by two farmers: — • 
3 Ploughings, at 6s. . 
4 Harrowings, rolling aiul) 
cultivating, &c. . I 
0 18 
0 15 
3 Cwt. Peruvian guaiio* . 110 
Seed 0 2 
Drilling 0 1 
2 Hjeings and singling . 0 10 
4 2 6 
"i £. s. d. 
First ploughing ...076 
Second cross- ploughing .060 
Harrowing and rolling .070 
2i)Loadsot'dung, at2s. 6(/.i- 2 10 0 
Carting and spreading .040 
Third ploughing ... 0 0 0 
Harrowing and rolling once) Q ^ q 
over J 
12 Bushels of bone-dust, s^tl j jg q 
20.?. per quarter . . J 
Drilling 0 10 
2 Hoeings and singling . 0 10 6 
6 7 6 
In the turnip prizes that have been obtained for the last five 
years at the winter meetings of the " Cornwall Agricultural 
Association" the swedes average 25 tons per acre, and 198 roots 
to the perch. The usual time of sowing white and yellows is 
from the 24th June to the 25th July. For swedes, from the latter 
part of May to the middle of June.| 
* From 2J to 3 cwt. of guano are used per acre. The Ichaboe was tried 
last season, and answered exceedingly well. I have witnessed some ex- 
ceedingly good crops produced by 2^ cwt. of Ichaboe guano per acre. 
t 2*. (id. per load is considered to be full value for farm-yard manure, 
such as is generally made in CornwaiL 
t " Storing of Turnips." The Cornish farmers have a dislike to the loss 
of the tops of the swede turnips, and a very common plan of " storing " is 
to cart the swedes in their entire state to some convenient meadow near the 
farm-yard, and there place them close to each other on the surface of the 
land, just in the .same slate as when growing — this is called " pitching." 
Others pile them up indiscriminately, without any protection from the 
weather, after having lopped off the " tops and tails." Others store them 
VOL. VI. 2 G 
