Farming of Coriurall. 
Abb 
autumn, produce a large quantity of spring feed, and are culti- 
vated chiefly for this purpose on a great many farms. The 
introduction of the chaff-cutter has considerably reduced the 
expense of horse-keep in the winter months : the saving in the 
item of hay only, by giving chaffed straw and clover instead of 
an unlimited supply of hay, is immense. The usual proportion 
of chaff and oats is from 6 lbs. to 8 lbs. of oats to every 20 lbs. 
of chaff ; and '20 lbs. to 30 lbs. of this mixture is sufficient for 
our agricultural horses, according to size, with fair, or even hard 
work : the hay in the rick being omitted altogether. Of late the 
swede turnip has been introduced as food for horses, in conjunc- 
tion with straw, hay, oats, »Scc. The following allowance has been 
used on Barteliver farm in Probus for a number of years — No. 1 
used during a scarcity of hay. No. 2 when plentiful : — 
No. 1. I No. 2. 
s. d. I s. d. 
101b3.ofchaffecl3tiaw,at204-.peiTonO 1 ! 16 Ihs. of hay (chaffed) . .0 (J 
12 lbs. of oats . . . .0 9^ 6 lbs. of oats . . . 0 4,i 
16 lbs. of swedes . . .01 16 lbs. of swedes . . .01 
Expenses of cutting and chaffing . 0 Expenses of culling and chaffing 0 
Cost of keep per day . .10 Cost of keep per day . . 1 0 
A great many farmers find their advantage in steaming swedes 
as food for horses, and this practice is becoming very common. 
Steam apparatus of various kinds are manufactured in the county 
for this purpose. I witnessed a very superior one of this kind on 
Colonel Scobell's estate in Sancreed. The boiler is 12 feet in 
length, and 6 feet in diameter ; which, at an expenditure only of 
8 cwt. of coals per week, supplied, in the winter of 1843, 100 head 
of fattening and store cattle, 30 horses and colts, and 100 pigs 
with steamed potatoes and turnips, and chaffed straw and hay, 
also steamed : all this stock, too, being kept on a farm of 1 50 
acres (70). The fattening pigs are fed on steamed potatoes, 
with about 12 gallons of barley each. The store pigs get nothing 
else than the steamed turnips, and the drainage from the steam 
vats, being the condensed liquid produced after the process of 
steaming. The advantage derived from this method of feeding 
horses on cooked food in the w^inter months is very considerable. 
I have seen it practised on a great number of farms — the 
horses sometimes getting scarcely anything else than straw and 
immense, being more than sufficient to meet the expense incurred in 
' cutting, carting, and feeding.'" He adds, " I keep nearly double the 
quantity of stock that I did before I commenced the ' soiling system," and 
in a much better condition. I can also cut a greater quantity of hay per 
acre, and put more land into tillage ; and I am fully persuaded that it is 
the groundwork of good farming on arable land, and no farmer can make 
a profit without it. ' 
