How to establish a Tile- Yard. A77 
for the poor bv an immense increase in the consumption of tiles, 
but also a greater amount of produce for the farmer : the landed 
proprietor is also enabled to drain his land at a cost far below that 
at which he would have done it with hand-made tiles. 
XXXVII. — Effect of Burnt Clay on a Crop of Wheat, grovnng 
upon very heavy Clay Land. Bv Ph. Pcsey. M.P. 
Several accounts of the good effect of burnt clay as a manure 
have appeared in the Journal : baring used it with success, I am 
induced to add mv own testimony in its favour, chiefly on account 
of the very bad qualitv of the land on which it succeeded. It is 
a farm of about 500 acres, which I bought seven vears since, on the 
Oxford clay, of the very siifTest description, never ploughed with 
less than four, sometimes with five or even sis horses. The soil 
was like bird-lime in wet weather, and in dry summers like stone, 
requiring a pickaxe to break it. !Many of the fields might be 
described as being all subsoil, there being no real mould on the 
surface. The average yield of wheat thd not exceed 16 bushels 
an acre, and on some fields the thistles were more numerous than 
the stalks of wheat. It had the worst possible character, so that 
even in 1S39, when prices were good, manv farmers who looked 
at the farm declined to occupy it, and I had great difficulty in 
finding a tenant at all. Haring bought the farm, however, chiefly 
because it is the most difficult sort of land to manage (said, in- 
deed, to defy improvement), in order to trv what could be made 
of it, as Lord Ducie and Mr. Morton have done at \^ bitfield with 
so much success. 1 underdrained the whole, in the first instance 
at 10 feet apart, but now at 30 feet apart, and 34 inches in depth. 
