112 
The Practical Value of Bung 
approximation as possible without running into fractions. In tlie Woburn 
experiments the prices of oil- and cotton-cakes and maize are sometimes 
given, but for the clear understanding of the object of this paper uniform 
prices will be used as standards. 
Bullocks making Manure for Barley. 
[' Journal ' for 1880, Part I., page 137.] 
Four bullocks for 5 weeks each, equal to 20 weeks of 1 beast. Total 
increase 2 cwts. 2 qrs. 3 lbs. live weight = 169 lbs. carcase at Qd. per lb. = 
6^. 6«. 9d. Meat 8| lbs. nearly per week per bullock. 
Cost of food, litter, attendance, &c., as for wheat manure : — 
£ s. d. 
9 9 0 
6 6 9 Credit meat 
3 2 3 Cost of dung 
45 cwt. dung, at 27s. Gd. per ton = 3/. 2.^ 3d. 
['Journal,' 1881, Part I., page 113.] 
Four bullocks for 5 weeks each, equal to 20 weeks of 1 bullock. 
Total live weight increase 1 cwt. 3 qrs. 1 lb., equal to 118 lbs. carcase — 
£t s. d. 
at Qd. per lb. = 4 8 6 Meat, 6 lbs. nearly per week per beast. 
45 cwt. dung = 5 0 6 Dung cost at 45s. per ton. 
9 9 0 
Altogetlier twenty-four experiments have been calculated in 
tlie same manner as the examples given. The food, litter, and 
attendance go to the debit of the beasts, the meat and manure 
to their credit. A summary of the whole is given on the op- 
posite page. 
I have now, I think, adduced sufficient evidence to show 
that, whatever kind of food cattle may be fed upon, the average 
rate of increase in carcase weight per week amounts to only 
about 8 lbs. The pick of beasts at the leading shows ; the 
feeding experiments carried out with forty-four head at Woburn 
Park Farm some time ago by Sir J ohn Lawes ; and the experi- 
ments lately going on, and being continued at Woburn under 
the accomplished management of Dr. Voelcker for the Royal 
Agricultural Society of England — all agree at least in one 
point, that only about 8 lbs. of meat per week can be calculated 
upon from animals of ordinary age. The best boxes, the best 
attention, the best, dearest, and most palatable food, in any 
quantity, has only hitherto produced about 8 lbs. of increase per 
week — on an average of all the best fed cattle in England. 
Dung is merely what is added to the straw. If one waters 
one ton of straw and does nothing else but let it lie about for a 
time, something like four tons of mere wet straw-dung may be 
obtained. The manurial value of a ton of straw is estimated at 
