as Compared with Artificial Manures. 
115 j 
Average Yield of Wheat for Ten Years at Woburn, with 
THE Approximate Cost of Manures, Seed, Rent, Cultiva- 
tion, AND Harvesting ; also the Value of the Crops. 
f-t 
c5 
a o" 
a 
a 
> -3 
of Plo 
M.mures per acre 
o . 
Value 
of the 
straw 
Value of 
corn and 
straw 
v^Oit or 
manure 
t, culti 
, seed, 
Gain 
per 
acre 
Loss 
!§ 
*i 
S 5 
3 
£ s. d. 
£ t. d. 
£ s. d. 
£ 
£ J. d. 
£ s. d. 
1&7 
Xo manure . . . 
17 
m 
1 14 8 
5 2 8 
4 
1 2 8 
2 
200 lbs. ammonia 1 
25 
24i 
2 9 0 
7 10 0 
1 10 0 
4 
2 0 0 
— ■ 
3 
275 lbs. nitrate of) 
24 
251 
2 11 0 
7 7 0 
1 10 0 
4 
1 17 0 

4 
Minerals onlv . . 
17i 
1 14 8 
5 4 6 
2 10 0 
4 
— 
1 5 6 
5 
Minerals & 400 lbs.- 
ammonia salts . , 
38 
41§ 
4 3 0 
11 15 0 
5 0 0 
4 
2 15 0 
C 
Minerals & 550 lbs. \ 
nitrate of soda . J 
m 
44 
4 8 0 
11 14 8 
5 0 0 
4 
2 14 8 
11 B 
About 8 tons dung.-> 
Cost, as per table, 
29s. 8rf. per ton. 
Money value of 
27 
27 
2 14 0 
8 2 0 
11 17 4 
4 
7 15 4 
food = 21s. 3d. per 
any manure, than with too costly dung. Thirty-eight bushels 
of wheat for ten years by artificials, many of the seasons being 
bad yielding, is at least ten to twelve bushels per acre above 
the average of the country farmed in the usual way. On the 
dunged plot there is a loss of 11. 15s. 4cZ. per acre annually : so 
that in ten years there is a total loss of 1*11. 13s. 'id., which is 
more than the value of farming land. The money value of 
the food consumed would be 8Z. 5s. Id.., so that whatever way 
the subject is treated, the result is unsatisfactory. The land has 
become debtor to a very large amount for a supposed latent im- 
provement. 
Cattle-foods of various kinds no doubt contain the amounts 
of manurial ingredients which chemists assign to them, and the 
loss by consumption may also be fairly enough estimated. For 
all this, in real practice, by making dung from dear food and 
applying it to the land, there is usually a considerable loss 
when the crops are produced. Dung does not act so quickly 
as artificials, a small percentage only coming into immediate 
use. The residue of the dung left after assisting one crop is 
subjected to continual loss by the usual rainfall in winter, and 
this for the four or five years .that elapse before dung is again 
applied. 
In very wet seasons even dung produces no very visible effect 
on crops. The soluble ingredients of value may be washed away as 
soon as produced. Whatever theory there may be on the matter 
I 2 
