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ttejwrt on Miscellaneous Implements at Newcastle. 207 
The action of the water flowing round the pan causes the cream to rise in 
about 14 or 15, instead of 3t3 or 48 hours, as with the old systems. In 
winter, hot water can be used first. 
Each pan is fitted with a tube, having at its lower end a very fine wire 
gauze, through which the skim-milk passes, leaving the cream, in the pan 
from which it is taken by first removing the tube and stopper, and then 
tilting the pan forward on its hinges. 
The Judges attempted a trial of this " Creamer," which, 
however, came to nothing, because the water supply was turned 
off during the night, and the experiment thus brought to an 
end. Similar intermittence in the water supply of the yard 
caused several delays to the Engineers and Judges of engines 
during the trials. 
TIlg Dairy Supply Company, of Museum Street, Bloomsbury, 
London, exhibited several novelties of interest, of which the fol- 
lowing claim a notice : — 
1. Laval's Vertical Hand-Power Cream Separator (Art. 971). 
2. Laval's Horizontal Hand-Power Cream Separator (Art. 972). 
3. Laval's Improved Power Cream Separator (Art. 974). 
4. Laval's "Turbine" Cream Separator (Art. 973). 
Of these machines, Nos. 1 and 2 competed in Class 8 for the 
Hand Separator prize, which fell to the vertical Separator, and 
they are, together with the trials, described in that portion of 
the Report devoted to the prize classes. 
Referring, in the first instance, to the improved Laval Power 
Separator, a very simple constructive change is said to have 
effected a remarkable impi'ovement in the performance of this 
machine. Hitherto, the rotating milk-chamber has been 
furnished with a wing, for compelling the rotation of the 
milk, which wing did not extend to the wall of the centrifuge, 
and, hence, a portion of the peripheral milk failed to rotate at 
the same speed as that of the vessel itself. The wing has now 
been extended to the wall of the centrifuge, with, it is said, the 
surprising result of adding 50 per cent, to the effectiveness of 
the separator. The old Laval separated sixty gallons an hour, 
the new Laval separates ninety gallons an hour, the power and 
speed required being the same in both cases. 
The Turbine S'ejjaraio?' is illustrated by the woodcut on p. 208 
(fig. 9), and consists of an ordinary Laval centrifuge, having 
its spindle fitted with a "Barker's Mill," forming a motor; the 
object being to render the separator independent of the steam 
engine. 
The " Turbine," which is enclosed in the case forming the base of the 
machine, consists of a pair of S-shaped arms into which steam is led, and 
from whose extremities it issues just as water does from a "Barker's Mill," 
or steam from a "Hero's Engine." Conical rollers support the footstep 
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