Korthumherkmd and Durham m 1887 ; Clashes 4 and 5. 239 | 
made to cultivate both as deep as was needful and to step out with 
a speed that was born of determination on the part of the manager 
to have every part of the land done in proper season. Another ' 
added difficulty was the detached and widely separated lay of the \ 
holding. The knowledge of every part of it, and the prompt and | 
equal attention given to each, were eloquent testimonies to the ' 
efficiency of the management. 
These two farms, Seaton Delaval and Cramlington, adjoined 
each other, and were not unlike naturally. They were both being 
managed with good judgment and with the best friendly feeling j 
of their managers towards each other. The latter holding, how- i 
ever, the Judges thought, came out best in results, and, as the 
published award has proclaimed, was placed higher in the scale ( 
of merit. ^ 
The Earl of Durham s farm consisted of 759 aci-es, of which 1 
277^ were in pasture, 69^ clover, 127| meadow, 108 wheat, 66| ' 
oats, 10|- potatoes, 79 turnips, 8 mangel-wurzel, 7 tares, and 5 j 
stack-yards and occupation roads. The stock consisted, at our ■ 
second inspection, of 14 farm horses, 3 breeding mares, 2 fillies, 
60 fatting bullocks and heifers, 76 store ditto, 33 ditto under 
two years old, 170 wethers and breeding ewes, 285 lambs, 30 j 
rams, 315 gimmers, 104 mule sheep, 20 pigs, 37 ponies ; total, ( 
1,149. _ I 
His Lordship is both owner and occupier of the two farms ■ 
that comprise the claim. "Bowes House " contains 609 acres, ! 
and " Over the Hill" 150 acres. The latter is a medium soil on I 
limestone ; "Bowes House" is stronger soil, on a stiff clay sub- 
soil ; they are worked together and under a very liberal outlay 
for manure and feeding stuffs. About 3,200 loads of manure 
are annually made, and 150 purchased, which is chiefly applied 
to the turnip crop and to about 20 acres of old grass cut for 
hay. Thirty-three and a half tons of artificial manure are also 
used in turnip cultivation, at a cost of 31s. Qd. per acre, con- 
sisting of 2 cwt. of raw bones, 2 cwt. superphosphates, 1 cwt. 
guano, and 2 cwt. dissolved bones. To the old gTass and seeds 
17 tons superphosphates, 7 tons of salt, 3^ tons nitrate of soda, 
had been applied at the rate of \ cwt. of nitrate, 1-^ salt, and 2^ 
super. ; this cost 14s. per acre. 
About 100 loads of gas lime are also used on the old grass 
land, at the rate of 8 to 10 tons per acre. The cattle and sheeji 
are all well fatted, and the cake and com bills amount to nearly 
1,200L annually. It is the practice to hold an auction sale of 
fat stock at Christmas and at Midsummer every year, and the 
Judges had the opportunity of seeing on their first inspection 
those which were sold on December 20, 1886. According to a 
statement obligingly furnished by Mr. Tully, Lord Durham's I 
I 
