Herhage of Old Ch'oss Lands. 
419 
Medicago lupulina, L. , , , Yellow trefoil, " hop," " trefoil," 
black medick 
Trifolium minus, Sm. . . , Yellow suckling clover 
Trifolium pratense, L. , , . Purple or meadow clover 
Trifolium repens, L White or Dutch clover 
Yicia Cracca, L. • • • . Tufted vetch 
Miscellaneous Species. 
Achillea ^lillefolium, L. « 
Bellis perennis, L. . , 
Bunium flexuosum, With. . 
Centaurea nigra, L. . 
Cerastium triviale, Link. . 
Heracleum Sphondylium, L. 
Leontodon autumnalis, L. 
Leontodon hispidus, L. 
Plantago lanceolata, L. . 
Potentilla Anserina, L. • 
Prunella vulgaris, L. . . 
Ranunculus acris, L. . . 
Ranunculus hulbosus, L, , 
Ranunculus repens, L. . 
Rumex Acetosa, L. , . 
Rumex crispus, L. . . 
Taraxacum officinale, Web. 
Yeronica Chamaedrys, L. . 
Yarrow or milfoil 
Daisy 
Earth-nut or pig-nut 
Black knapweed 
Narrow-leaved mouse-ear chick- 
weed 
Cow-parsnip 
Autumnal hawkbit 
Rough hawkbit 
Ribgrass, ribwort, or plantain 
Silver-weed or goose-tongue 
Selfheal 
Upright buttercup 
Bulbous crowfoot or buttercup 
Creeping crowfoot or buttercup 
Common sorrel or sour dock 
Curled dock 
Dandelion 
Germander speedwell 
The water meadows of the southern and western counties of 
England afford a convenient means of studying the effects of a 
long-continued uniformity of conditions upon meadow herbage, 
though but little advantage appears to have been taken of the 
opportunity thus offered. Marshall, in his " Rural Economy of 
the Southern Counties," published in 1798, describes the water 
meadows around Salisbury, and gives the following extract 
from his note-book under date of July 5, 1791 : — 
" The herbage of the watered beds is various in species, as ray-grass, the 
meadow poe, the marsh and other bent gi'asses, and the meadow fescues ; the 
loliacea and the pratensis, here putting on very different appearances. On 
the sides of the trenches, and ditches, the flote fescue, reed canary grass 
(Phalaris arundinacea) and the water poe (Poa aquatica") are common, also 
the meadow rue (Thalictrum flavum) and the water dock. .... At what 
an excessive cost must these lands have been brought into their present 
state ! When, and in what manner, was so great and spirited a public work 
executed ? " 
In the subjoined list are enumerated all the grasses I have 
been able to find growing upon about fifty acres of water 
meadows situated in the valley of the Christchurch Avon in 
Hampshire, my observations having extended over several years. 
I found on these irrigated grass lands the following twenty-six 
species of grasses, and no more : — 
