456 Pradical Experiences in the Preparation of PooAfor Stock. 
[For Schedule of Questions, see page 448.] 
Mr. Charles Howard — continued. 
13. My experience is that cattle thrive much better on chafl'ed and 
mixed foods. 
IG. I use a forty-gallon iron furnace, in which the food is boiled as de- 
scribed in Answer 8. 
17. Inferior chaff of hay and straw may be sweetened and made palat- 
able, the animals doing well. 
18. All kinds of cattle. 19. Yes, and with the best results. 
Mr. Joseph Paget, of Stu^ymvood, Mansfield. 
8. Yes ; all the oat straw and part of barley straw is eaten. 
4. Wheat straw is used for litter for hunters and carriage-horses, and for 
thatch, and barley straw for litter for cattle. Sometimes moss litter is pur- 
chased ; it is cheaper when wheat straw will sell for 3/. to 3/. 10s. per ton. 
5. During winter a large proportion is chopped up for sheep and mixed 
with their corn, flour, and cake. Oat straw is also chopped up to mix with 
com for cart-horses, and corn-flour or cake for cattle when milking or feed- 
ing. Barley straw is more frequently chafl'ed for the same purpose for store 
cattle, but the great bulk of straw for the cattle is eaten long. 
6. Unchafied, unless it be inferior hay, to mix with straw. 
7. I have come to the conclusion that there is no advantage in chaffing 
straw, except to mix with other food and prevent the waste of flour, or 
for sheep, which waste long straw very much. The cattle leave the long 
straw given them in racks, like horses, and waste little. That which they 
do not eat serves for bedding. 
8. Crushed oats or barley, mixed with decorticated cotton or linseed 
cake. 
9. (a and b). See Answer 10. (c) Milking cows : 6.30 to 7 a.m., 
turnips or mangolds, after milking; 11.30 a.m. to 12 noon, cake, corn, and 
chop ; 2.30 p.m., hay ; 5 p.m., turnips or mangolds, and straw after milking. 
Sheep: cake or corn with chaff' from 9 a.m. to 10 A.M. 
10. Horses : one bushel of oats per week (except when out at grass), hay, 
sometimes a little bran and chopped straw. Milking coivs : 8 lbs. of linseed 
or cotton cake and oat flour mixed (generally equal parts) to the best 
milkers ; less to others, unless they are to be fed ; little or none in summer 
when butter is cheap ; 40 lbs. roots, G lbs. hay, 10 lbs. oat straw long, and 
2 IbF. chafl'ed. Feeding beasts : 4 lbs. cake, 4 lbs. corn, 7 lbs. hay, 60 lbs. 
roots and oat straw, ad lib. Breeding sheep : ^ lb. maize before putting to 
the ram ; afterwards about ^ lb. corn or cake till they lamb ; then 1 lb. oata 
or cake till the lambs are weaned. Feeding sheep: from ^ lb. to 1 lb. cake 
and corn. Stvine : sows in pig and stores, boiled roots and swill ; feeders, 
1 lb. barley meal, increased to 2 lbs. in addition, and afterwards increased 
to 7 lbs. 
11. Lambs are put on rape aa soon as clover loses its quality, in Sep- 
tember or October ; afterwards on rape and white turnips, which are 
drilled in alternate three rows, the latter being chopped ; then on turnips 
only. Breeding ewes have white turnips, and then swedes, and Anally 
mangold-wurtzel given whole on grass. Cattle begin with white turnips, 
then they have swedes, and Anally mangolds. We do not like to give the 
latter to any stock before March, as they are apt to produce scouring. 
