470 Fradical Exjm-iences in the PfeiMmtion of Food for Stock. 
[For Schedule of Questions, see page 448.] 
Mr. T. H. Hutchinson — continued, 
maebinerj-, buildings, and convenient arrangements. Messrs. Barford and 
Perkins make the best steaming pans I have seen. 
17. I have benefited to the extent of keeping about 20 per cent, more 
stock. The food being given in a more palatable form, cattle have thriven 
better, and I have less illness. 
18. For all cattle I recommend pulp and chaff, but for milk cows and 
fattening cattle I would give one feed per day of turnips put through a 
slicer or finger cutter, and give meal along with the turnips. I do not 
recommend mixing meal with pulp and chaff long before it is used. 
10, Yes, with milk cows, and I think you imdoubtedly get more milk. 
Mr, Gilbert Murray, Elvaston, Derby. 
3. All the straw is chaffed, mixed with meal of various kinds, and fed 
to horses, cattle, and sheep. 
4. For every description of stock, except carriage horses and hunters in 
work. Moss litter only is used, the cost of which is 32s. per ton, as against 
80s. per ton for wheat-straw. I consider 1 ton of moss litter equal to 
30 cwt. of straw. For dairy cows and young stock it is much more whole- 
some : it is a first-rate absorbent, and keeps the sheds perfectly sweet. 
5. ' Yes. 
6. One of hay to two of straw is the usual proportion ; the whole is 
chaffed; scarcely any long bay is used. 
7. There is great economy in chaffing. With ordinary attention there is 
no waste ; the mangers are swept out after each meal ; tlie leavings from any 
of the milking cows are given to the dry stock. Long hay cannot, under 
the most careful management, be used without considerable waste. 
8. The following is the mixture of foods which I use : oats, wheat, white 
peas, linseed. These are all ground together ; at present prices the cost is 
under 7s. per cwt. I think the albuminoid and carbohydrate ration cannot 
be improved. 
9. Oats, 1 cwt. ; wheat, 1 cwt. ; white peas, ^ cwt. ; linseed, ^ cwt. To 
a cow in full milk the allowance is G lbs. to 8 lbs. per day. 
10. Toun;/ horses have 6 lbs. to 8 lbs. per day of the mixed meals, as 
above, with cut chaff (hay and straw) ; the meal and chafl' are mixed 
together and saturated with water twelve to twenty-four hours before being 
used. Dairy coics are fed in the same way. The fattening beasts have 
4 lbs. of meal and 4 lbs. of linseed-cake, with cut chaff, and 28 lbs. of 
pulped roots per day. Breeding sheep have 1 lb. of the mixed meal per 
head per day with chaff, and a few roots spread about the pastures. Fatten- 
in(] sheep have 1 lb. per head daily of best linseed-cake and cut swedes. 
Swine are fattened on whey, skim milk, or butter milk, with barley and 
pea-meal. 
11. For fattening beasts, 4 lbs. to C lbs. of a mixture of linseed and 
cotton-cakes are used on the pastures during the last six weeks before going 
to the butcher. The dairy cows in full milk, and the calves and yearlings, 
have an allowance of mixed meals throughout the summer. I find the 
mixed meal answers admirably for young growing stock. 
12. Brewers' grains are of low nutritive value; they contain a large 
percentage of water, wliich during the winter months must be raised to the 
temperature of the body at the expense of a considerable waste of carbo- 
hydrates. The effect of brewers' grains on the yield of milk is chiefly 
due to the quantity of water held in suspension, 'The same object can bo 
