594 
Report on the Trials of 
of Preston, was the same press as that (see page 587) which 
competed in Class 3, and will not, therefore, be again described. 
The machine worked extremely well in the old hay, making a good 
output, and giving a high density. The cost of baling per ton 
was less in the final trials than that of any other machine in the 
class, the work was easy for the two men employed, while the 
extreme simplicity of the machine and its very moderate price 
recommended it in the strongest way to the Judges. Bamber's 
machine, as already described, is moved from place to place on 
a simple hand-cart, into which it can be loaded in two minutes. 
Article No. 3822, exhibited by Goorge Stej)}ienson,o{ Newark- 
on-Trent, was constructed, like all of Stephenson's machines, on 
the " toggle-joint " principle — the toggles, in this case, having 
no lower limbs, and the upper limbs being provided at their 
lower extremities with rollers running upon rails, which serve 
to form the sole plate of the press. 
The toggles are piilled together by a chain, wound round a barrel by means 
of a long lever and ratchet-wheel, which turns a bevel pinion gearing into a 
wheel, giving a considerable decrease in speed. 
The ratchet-wheel is double-acting, giving motion to the chain-barrel on 
the upward as well as on the downward stroiie. The platten in this, as in 
all Stephenson's presses, is placed below, and receives an upward thrust. It 
is furnished with a lateral slide, which, being pulled out, gives a free head- 
way for piling the loose hay, and is afterwards pushed back into place ready 
to receive the pressure. After pressing, the platten and bale are allowed to 
fall by their own weight, the speed of descent being controlled by a small 
brake. 
The ratio of movement between the extremity of the lever and that of 
the platten at the point of maximum pressure is 162 to 1, or, taking the man's 
weight at 140 lbs., lO'l tons upon the platten. 
This machine failed ; chiefly for want of range in the press. 
Stuff enough could not be put in to get the full pressure on the 
bale, and a density of only 6*3 lbs. to the cubic foot was obtained. 
The press exhibited evident signs of being a "first machine," 
and it was matter for regret that, except in one case, Mr. 
Stephenson should have shown presses not yet perfected, for 
it appeared probable that, in the toggle, he has got hold of a 
principle very applicable to hay and straw pressing. This 
machine was excused from second trial. 
Article 2263 (Fig. 8, p. C07), exhibited by Barford & 
Perhins, Peterborough, is similar in principle to that of Brad- 
bury, already described, but employs a longer hand-lever, which 
works directly, instead of througli gearing, wpon a ratchet- 
wheel keyed to a spindle passing under the floor of the press, 
and furnished witli two " snail " chain-barrels. 
As these are Totaled by the action of tlie lever, the platten is pulled 
down, quickly at first, and slowly at Inst, and is returned, alter compression 
