Jethro TuU : Ms tafe, Times, and Teaching. 
7 
purchase of sound seed : he mentions clover, and drilling, that 
was, dropping seeds in a furrow by hand as in a garden. 
VVorlidge in 1G69 is the first to direct attention to ray 
grass ; he suggests drilling corn, and gives a cut of a theoretical 
drill. After the invention of his own drill, Tull mentions this 
implement. Bradley, an eminent agricultural writer of those days, 
showed him the cut of Worlidge's drill, which he said was only a 
proposal and never made but in the cut.' Bradley spent 25/. in 
making one, and when finished it would perform nothing. There 
was no sort of structural analogy between this suggestion and 
Tail's subsequent invention. The views of Worlidge in regard 
to agriculture proper are scientific, but his knowledge of ani- 
mals was very imperfect. Gabriel Reeve, of Hackney, then 
(1670) a rural district, is worthy of honourable mention, because, 
having been a practical farmer for thirty years, he travelled in 
Flanders " and there he saw a lesson to b6 learned." The potato 
as a field-crop is first mentioned (1681) by John Houghton, 
F.R.S. Donaldson was a Scotch writer of considerable repute 
who, whilst showing others the true and solid way, was himself 
always in the ditch. His book, Husbandnj Anatomised, was 
published in London in 1697, and certainly was of considerable 
repute. Lord Cathcart had it when a boy, and it is again men- 
tioned in a second list of his books, which included also Adam 
out of Eden. A country gentleman — " Campania Felix " — 
recommends, in 1700, hand manures as malt dust and pigeon's 
dung. My Lord Bishop of Ely (1 707) chose a curiously sug- 
gestive title. Curiosities of Nature and Art in Ilusbaiidnj and 
Gardening. John Mortimer, in the same year, wrote the Whole 
Art of Husbandry ; the book is a distinct advance, being compre- 
hensive and systematic, yet even he digresses in the most 
provoking way — trees, liquors, ale, cider, and gooseberry wine. 
Mortimer was a sort of early English Alderman Mechi, of Tip- 
tree fame. Forty bushels of hand-sown soot to the acre pro- 
duced, he says, " a mighty sweet grass." 160 bushels of hot 
lime to the acre lasts five years. In addition to soot he recom- 
mends other hand manures, as ashes, soap ashes, rags, and malt 
dust. The spade used in paring and burning, of which there 
is a cut, is exactly that in use in our day. He advises 
broad -cast turnips on fallow, for consumption in March. " Few 
farms," Mortimer observes, " will carry three rents. " 
Giles Jacob, gent., 1717, had good ideas on horse-breeding — • 
like breeds like and that sort of thing. Dr. Bradley, F.R.S., a 
' There is a copy of the cut in the Cuthbert Johnson Collection — an ugly- 
sort of great hopper, or funnel, square on the plan, mounted on four high 
velocipede-hke wheels. 
