JOURNAL 
OF THE 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
OF ENGLAND. 
METHODS OF PREVENTING AND 
CHECKING THE ATTACKS OF 
INSECTS AND FUNGI. 
No one can deny that the disoixlers of cultivated plants have 
greatly increased both in numbers and intensity, even within 
the recollection of middle-aged cultivators. This not only ap- 
plies to Great Britain but also to every country under the sun. 
The crops on the recently cleared land in Australasian countries 
are as subject to insects and mildews as those in English fields, 
which have been tilled from immemorial times. Under the 
fierce rays of the Indian sun myriads of beetles, caterpillars, and 
flies, with fungi of divers kinds, frustrate the labours of the 
planters. In Northern latitudes, where the soil is fast bound by 
frost for more than half the year, all sorts and conditions of 
insects appear to vex the crops of corn, herbs, and fruit as soon 
as the ice and snow have vanished. Eusts, blights, and moulds 
are just as rife there as under tropical skies or in temperate 
climes. It will be found, for example, that the Codlin moth is 
as destructive in the apple orchards of Canada, the United 
States, and Australasia as in those of England, and that the 
wheat-fields in Manitoba, Minnesota, and New South Wales are 
becoming as subject to rust (Udilaijo serjeiiim) as those in the 
British Isles. 
The interchange of seeds, fruits, plants, roots, and cuttings 
between all the countries of the world has tended to spread many 
VOL. IT. T. s. — 6 Q 
