230 
Methods of Preventing and Cheching 
stance can be put on per acre, and as small a quantity of liquid 
as a gallon per acre if desired. In many cases of insect and 
fungoid attacks upon plants the object in spraying is to spread 
the obnoxious substance all over the leaves in the form of a 
mist or dense fog. A very small quantity suflBces to make the 
plants objectionable to insects and fungi. 
Fig. 1 illustrates the machine for distributing powdered 
manures and dressings, as guano, nitrate of soda, soot, salt, lime, 
and for sowing corn and seed of all kinds. It is light, being 
worked by one horse, and will dress or sow at from two to four 
acres per hour. The machine consists of two driving wheels 
with several gearing wheels for working up the speed of the 
Fii,. The Strawsonizer for liquirl applicatiou. 
small fan within, which revolves at the rate of 300 revolutions 
per minute. A hopper is used for powders, and a light tank, 
as will be seen by Fig. 2, when liquids are to be put on. 
Root and Vegetable Crops. 
Among the worst enemies of turnip crops, and the first, is 
the turnip " fly," or flea beetle (P/i i/llotrcta nemorum), appearing 
soon after the seed has germinated, and clearing off every 
part icle of growth as fast as it is made. 
A good deal may be done to prevent the attack by cultiva- 
tion, by getting a fine tilth, sowing plenty of seed, and sowing 
